甘蔗尾叶的干法预处理及其乙酰化产物的制备与表征

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0958

化工进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (7): 3997-4005.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-0958

• 材料科学与技术 • 上一篇

甘蔗尾叶的干法预处理及其乙酰化产物的制备与表征

张健¹^,²(), 林日辉¹(), 银江林², 李彦姿¹, 付雨璐¹, 刘晓霞¹

^1.广西民族大学化学化工学院，广西多糖材料与改性重点实验室，广西南宁 530006
^2.广西中医药大学中医药科学实验中心，广西南宁 530200

收稿日期:2024-06-14 修回日期:2024-07-10 出版日期:2025-07-25 发布日期:2025-08-04
通讯作者: 林日辉
作者简介:张健（1987—），女，博士研究生，研究方向为生物质组分分离、改性与应用。E-mail：zhangj2015@gxtcmu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(21766004);广西自然科学基金(2019GXNSFAA185008);广西生物多糖分离纯化及改性研究平台建设项目(桂科ZY18076005);广西民族大学研究生教育创新计划(gxun-chxb202204)

Dry pretreatment of sugarcane trash and preparation and characterization of its acetylated products

ZHANG Jian¹^,²(), LIN Rihui¹(), YIN Jianglin², LI Yanzi¹, FU Yulu¹, LIU Xiaoxia¹

^1.Guangxi Key Laboratory for Polysaccharide Materials and Modification, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning 530006, Guangxi, China
^2.Guangxi Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530200, Guangxi, China

Received:2024-06-14 Revised:2024-07-10 Online:2025-07-25 Published:2025-08-04
Contact: LIN Rihui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

甘蔗尾叶（ST）是可再生大宗农业副产物和潜在重要工业原料，有效预处理是其高值化利用的关键步骤。对比分析ST和pST1、pST2、pST3（3种干法预处理甘蔗尾叶）的化学组分和微观结构，发现干法预处理能够有效去除半纤维素并保留纤维素，以pST3效果最佳，半纤维素去除率和纤维素保留率分别为89.51%和90.58%。分别以pST3和ST为底物，利用乙酸酐-硫酸体系进行乙酰化，分析乙酰化反应效率的差异，采用扫描电镜（SEM）、傅里叶红外光谱（FTIR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、热重分析（TGA）等表征产物，结果表明干法预处理有效增加乙酰化反应活性，Ace-pST3（pST3乙酰化产物）产率为Ace-ST（ST乙酰化产物）的2.07倍，Ace-pST3为含木质素的醋酸纤维素，具有良好热塑性，可制备紫外光屏蔽膜。因此，甘蔗尾叶在干法预处理后直接制备热塑性醋酸纤维素是可行的。

关键词: 生物质, 甘蔗尾叶, 干法预处理, 酯化, 膜

Abstract:

Sugarcane trash (ST) is a renewable agricultural by-product and potentially important industrial raw material, and effective pretreatment is the key step of its high-value utilization. The chemical compositions and microstructure of ST and three kinds of dry pretreated ST (pST1, pST2 and pST3) were compared and analyzed. It was found that dry pretreatment could observably remove hemicellulose from ST and retain its cellulose. And the hemicellulose removal rate and cellulose retention rate of pST3 were optimal, with 89.51% and 90.58% respectively. Acetylation of pST3 and ST was carried out independently in acetic anhydride-sulfuric acid system. The difference of reaction efficiency was studied, and the acetylation products were characterized by SEM (scanning electron microscope), FTIR (Fourier infrared spectroscopy), XRD (X-ray diffraction), and TGA (thermogravimetric analysis). The results showed that dry pretreatment effectively increased the acetylation activity, and the yield of acetylated product from pST3 (Ace-pST3) was 2.07 times that of ST. In addition, Ace-pST3 was confirmed as cellulose acetate containing lignin, which had good thermal plasticity and could be used to prepare ultraviolet shielding film. Therefore, it is feasible to prepare thermoplastic cellulose acetate directly from sugarcane trash after dry pretreatment.

Key words: biomass, sugarcane trash, dry pretreatment, esterification, film

中图分类号:

TQ352

张健, 林日辉, 银江林, 李彦姿, 付雨璐, 刘晓霞. 甘蔗尾叶的干法预处理及其乙酰化产物的制备与表征[J]. 化工进展, 2025, 44(7): 3997-4005.

ZHANG Jian, LIN Rihui, YIN Jianglin, LI Yanzi, FU Yulu, LIU Xiaoxia. Dry pretreatment of sugarcane trash and preparation and characterization of its acetylated products[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2025, 44(7): 3997-4005.

图/表 8

图1 不同预处理甘蔗尾叶组成成分分析[图1（b）~（f）中的小写字母不同表示差异显著（P<0.05）]

表1 干法预处理对纤维素保留和半纤维素去除情况

组别	纤维素保留率/%	半纤维素去除率/%
pST1	88.37±2.19	53.48±1.37
pST2	94.22±1.86	74.43±2.34
pST3	90.58±2.57	89.51±1.88

图2 不同预处理甘蔗尾叶XRD和FTIR分析

图3 Ace产率（D）、乙酰化程度（A）与CA含量（P）

图4 Ace扫描电镜图

图5 Ace的FTIR和XRD分析

图6 Ace热分析

图7 CAF数码照片与紫外-可见光谱

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甘蔗尾叶的干法预处理及其乙酰化产物的制备与表征

Dry pretreatment of sugarcane trash and preparation and characterization of its acetylated products

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