化学吸收法胺液逃逸控制技术研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1205

化工进展 ›› 2024, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (8): 4562-4570.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-1205

• 资源与环境化工 • 上一篇

化学吸收法胺液逃逸控制技术研究进展

陆诗建¹^,²^,³(), 张娟娟¹^,²^,³(), 杨菲¹^,²^,³, 刘玲¹^,²^,³, 陈思铭¹^,²^,³, 康国俊¹^,²^,³, 房芹芹⁴

^1.中国矿业大学碳中和研究院，江苏徐州 221116
^2.中国矿业大学江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室，江苏徐州 221116
^3.中国矿业大学化工学院，江苏徐州 221116
^4.东营市技师学院，山东东营 257091

收稿日期:2023-07-16 修回日期:2023-08-09 出版日期:2024-08-15 发布日期:2024-09-02
通讯作者: 陆诗建,张娟娟
作者简介:陆诗建（1984—），博士，研究员，研究方向为CCUS与废气治理技术。E-mail：lushijian@cumt.edu.cn。
基金资助:
政府间国际科技创新合作项目(2022YFE0115800);江苏省科技厅科技项目-碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项项目(BE2022613);江苏省煤基温室气体减排与资源化利用重点实验室创新能力建设专项(2020ZDZZ01A)

Research progress of amine escape control technology by chemical absorption method

LU Shijian¹^,²^,³(), ZHANG Juanjuan¹^,²^,³(), YANG Fei¹^,²^,³, LIU Ling¹^,²^,³, CHEN Siming¹^,²^,³, KANG Guojun¹^,²^,³, FANG Qinqin⁴

^1.Institute of Carbon Neutralization, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
^2.Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Coal-based Greenhouse Gas Control and Utilization, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
^3.School of Chemical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu, China
^4.Dongying Technician College, Dongying 257091, Shandong, China

Received:2023-07-16 Revised:2023-08-09 Online:2024-08-15 Published:2024-09-02
Contact: LU Shijian, ZHANG Juanjuan

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

CO₂化学吸收法吸收剂及其降解产物的逃逸会导致吸收剂成本变高以及胺类排放污染大气，带来运行成本增加和环境污染。本文主要介绍了胺逃逸类型、原理及逃逸控制方法。文中指出：水洗和传统除雾器为目前常用的控制方法，可高效率去除气体和物理夹带逃逸，但气溶胶由于粒径小、逃逸量大带来的问题还未得到很好的解决。目前较为常用的控制方法有加大分离设备、控制运行参数、添加助剂、中间冷却法等方法，未来的发展趋势仍将放在物理方法上，如急冷、高频电场等，在不改变前期反应条件的基础上，在吸收塔或水洗塔后对逃逸气体进行控制。在兼顾CO₂吸收法捕集效率的前提下提高经济效益和环境效益，为工业发展提供技术支持。

关键词: CO₂捕集, 化学吸收法, 胺逃逸, 控制方法

Abstract:

The escape of CO₂ chemical absorption absorbent and its degradation products will lead to the high cost of absorbent, and the emission of amines will pollute the atmosphere, which will increase the operating cost and pollute the environment. This paper mainly introduces the types, principles and control methods of amine escape. Water washing and traditional demister are commonly used control methods at present, which can effectively remove gas and physical entrainment escape, but aerosol escape has not been well solved because of its small particle size and large escape volume. At present, the commonly used control methods include increasing separation equipment, controlling operation parameters, adding additives, and intermediate cooling. The future development trend is to still put physical methods, such as quenching, high-frequency electric field and other methods, to control the escaping gas after the absorption tower or water washing tower without changing the previous reaction conditions. On the premise of taking into account the capture efficiency of CO₂ absorption method, the economic and environmental benefits will be improved and technical support will be provided for industrial development.

Key words: CO₂ capture, chemical absorption, amine escape, control methods

中图分类号:

陆诗建, 张娟娟, 杨菲, 刘玲, 陈思铭, 康国俊, 房芹芹. 化学吸收法胺液逃逸控制技术研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2024, 43(8): 4562-4570.

LU Shijian, ZHANG Juanjuan, YANG Fei, LIU Ling, CHEN Siming, KANG Guojun, FANG Qinqin. Research progress of amine escape control technology by chemical absorption method[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2024, 43(8): 4562-4570.

图/表 8

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控制方法	优缺点
改进吸收剂性质	通过研发具有较低挥发性的吸收剂，可以减少胺逃逸。优点是技术相对简单，不需要增加额外的设备，能够有效降低胺的挥发性；缺点是可能会对吸收剂的捕集性能和成本产生一定的影响
加大分离设备	增加分离设备的尺寸和效率，使得气相中的胺能够更好地被捕集和回收，减少胺逃逸。优点是有效降低胺的排放，提高捕集效率；缺点是需要增加投资和能耗，对系统运行成本有一定影响
使用新型捕集材料	研发新型捕集材料，如吸附剂和膜分离技术，可以实现更高效的CO₂捕集，减少胺逃逸。优点是具有更高的选择性和捕集效率，能够适应不同工况需求；缺点是研发和应用新材料可能存在技术和经济风险
控制运行参数	调整吸收塔的运行参数，如温度、压力和流速等，以控制胺的挥发和逃逸。优点是技术相对成熟，能够快速实施；缺点是需要对系统进行精细调控，可能会影响其他工艺参数和能耗
应用新技术	利用先进的控制技术，如智能监测和自动控制系统，实时监测和调整胺逃逸情况。优点是能够实现智能化运行，提高系统稳定性和减少人工干预；缺点是投资和技术需求较高

控制方法	优缺点
改进吸收剂性质	通过研发具有较低挥发性的吸收剂，可以减少胺逃逸。优点是技术相对简单，不需要增加额外的设备，能够有效降低胺的挥发性；缺点是可能会对吸收剂的捕集性能和成本产生一定的影响
加大分离设备	增加分离设备的尺寸和效率，使得气相中的胺能够更好地被捕集和回收，减少胺逃逸。优点是有效降低胺的排放，提高捕集效率；缺点是需要增加投资和能耗，对系统运行成本有一定影响
使用新型捕集材料	研发新型捕集材料，如吸附剂和膜分离技术，可以实现更高效的CO₂捕集，减少胺逃逸。优点是具有更高的选择性和捕集效率，能够适应不同工况需求；缺点是研发和应用新材料可能存在技术和经济风险
控制运行参数	调整吸收塔的运行参数，如温度、压力和流速等，以控制胺的挥发和逃逸。优点是技术相对成熟，能够快速实施；缺点是需要对系统进行精细调控，可能会影响其他工艺参数和能耗
应用新技术	利用先进的控制技术，如智能监测和自动控制系统，实时监测和调整胺逃逸情况。优点是能够实现智能化运行，提高系统稳定性和减少人工干预；缺点是投资和技术需求较高

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化学吸收法胺液逃逸控制技术研究进展

Research progress of amine escape control technology by chemical absorption method

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