纳米孔链双层复合表面过冷池沸腾传热特性

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2023-0172

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

微纳复合多孔结构对相变换热的强化是能源化工领域的重要主题。基于气液协同输运的概念，通过飞秒激光正交扫描加工，在硅片上生成二维嵌套的纳米孔链双层复合多孔结构，实验研究了其对HFE-7100过冷池沸腾传热特性的影响。实验结果表明，相比于光滑表面，多孔表面在35K过冷池沸腾条件下的起始过热度从16.7K下降到12.3K，降低26.3%，最大临界热通量提高128.7%。同时利用高速摄影观察气泡行为来研究强化沸腾传热机理。研究发现，双层多孔结构表面和内部形成的大量连通孔穴大幅度增加了有效成核位点，纳米孔和双层连通结构提供垂直和水平方向的液体补充通道，在高热通量下气泡尺寸更小，脱离更快。有效汽化核心密度增加以及气液自适应协同输运增强了多孔网络中的微液膜蒸发和微对流作用，从而有效提升沸腾换热能力和临界热通量。

关键词: 双层多孔结构, 过冷池沸腾, 相变, 传热, 气液协同输运, 气泡

Abstract:

The heat transfer enhancement of phase change by composite porous structure is an important topic in the fields of energy and chemical industry. Based on the concept of vapor-liquid synergetic transport, two-layer hierarchical structure nested with two-dimensional nano-porous chain on the silicon substrate was processed by femtosecond laser orthogonal scanning method. The subcooled pool boiling heat transfer performance of the porous structure was experimentally investigated. The experimental medium was HFE-7100. Compared with a smooth surface, the wall superheat of the two-layer porous structure at the onset of nucleate boiling was reduced from 16.7K to 12.3K at liquid subcooling of 35K, and the ratio is 26.3%. The maximum critical heat flux was increased by 128.7%. At the same time, the enhancement mechanism of boiling heat transfer was studied by observing bubble behaviors with a high-speed camera. It was found that a large number of interconnected cavities formed on the surface and inside the porous structure increase the effective nucleation site density. And nano-pores and two-layer structure provided vertical and horizontal liquid replenishment. The bubble size was smaller, and the departure frequency was faster under high heat flux. The increased nucleation site density and the vapor-liquid synergetic transport enhanced the micro convection and the thin liquid film evaporation, which effectively enhanced the boiling heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux.

Key words: two-layer porous structure, subcooled pool boiling, phase change, heat transfer, vapor-liquid synergetic transport, bubble

中图分类号:

TK124

石尔, 易苹, 赵斌, 汪琼, 张成云. 纳米孔链双层复合表面过冷池沸腾传热特性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(12): 6171-6179.

SHI Er, YI Ping, ZHAO Bin, WANG Qiong, ZHANG Chengyun. Heat transfer characteristics of subcooled pool boiling on two-layer composite surface with nano-porous chain[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(12): 6171-6179.

图/表 10

图1 飞秒激光加工表面结构

图2 双层多孔结构扫描电镜图

图3 池沸腾实验系统

图4 不同过冷度下光滑表面和双层多孔表面的沸腾曲线ΔTsat—壁面过热度（ΔTsat=Tw-Tsat），K；ΔTsub—液体过冷度（ΔTsub=Tsat-Tf），K

图5 多孔表面基于当量半径的孔密度统计

图6 双层多孔表面有效成核半径与壁面过热度之间的关系

图7 光滑表面和双层多孔表面不同热流下气泡行为（∆Tsub=3K）

图8 双层多孔表面不同过冷度下接近CHF时的气泡行为

图9 光滑表面和双层多孔表面在低热通量下的气泡演化（∆Tsub=3K）

图10 热通量为20W/cm2时双层多孔表面的气泡演化（∆Tsub=3K）

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