FeS/壳聚糖基碳气凝胶复合材料的制备及对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-2333

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以壳聚糖为前体材料，通过溶胶-凝胶、冷冻干燥、碳化等方法制备FeS/壳聚糖基碳气凝胶复合材料（FeS/CA-0.5）。利用SEM、FTIR、XRD及XPS等方法对FeS/CA-0.5的微观形态和结构进行了表征，考察了FeS/CA-0.5对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能，探究了反应机制。结果表明：FeS/CA-0.5保留壳聚糖基碳气凝胶的结构且成功分散FeS，比表面积大，具有超顺磁性；在100mL 100mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)溶液中投加0.05gFeS/CA-0.5，pH为2，吸附360min可达到平衡，FeS/CA-0.5对Cr(Ⅵ)的平衡吸附量可达173.84mg/g；吸附过程符合准二级动力学和Langmuir等温吸附模型，颗粒内扩散模型表明FeS/CA-0.5对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附是多步骤过程，整个吸附过程是自发吸热的；FeS/CA-0.5除铬机制主要是物理吸附、化学吸附及化学还原作用。FeS/CA-0.5在处理含铬废水方面有潜在应用前景。

关键词: 生物质碳气凝胶, 硫化铁, 复合材料, 吸附, 六价铬

Abstract:

The FeS/chitosan-based carbon aerogel composites (FeS/CA-0.5) were prepared by sol-gel method, freeze-drying and high temperature carbonization method using chitosan as raw material. The surface morphology and structure of FeS/CA-0.5 composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effects of FeS/CA-0.5 on adsorption capacity of Cr( $Ⅵ$ ) were studied to investigate the reaction mechanism using Cr(Ⅵ) as the target pollutant. The results showed that FeS/CA-0.5 retained the structure of chitosan-based carbon aerogel and successfully dispersed FeS with a large specific surface area. FeS/CA-0.5 was magnetic. The adsorption capacity of Cr(Ⅵ) on FeS/CA-0.5 could reach 173.84mg/g at 100mL concentration of 100mg/L solution adsorbent dosing of 0.05g, pH of 2, a reaction time of 360min. The adsorption process conformed to quasi-secondary kinetics and the Langmuir isothermal adsorption model. The in-particle diffusion model indicated that the adsorption of Cr( $Ⅵ$ ) by FeS/CA-0.5 was a multi-step process and the whole adsorption process was spontaneous endothermic. The mechanism of chromium removal by FeS/CA-0.5 mainly involved physical adsorption, chemical adsorption and chemical reduction. The method of removal of Cr(Ⅵ) in wastewater by FeS/CA-0.5 had a promising application.

Key words: biomass carbon aerogel, FeS, composites, adsorption, Cr(Ⅵ)

中图分类号:

TB332

常娟, 程爱华. FeS/壳聚糖基碳气凝胶复合材料的制备及对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(11): 6042-6052.

CHANG Juan, CHENG Aihua. Preparation and Cr(Ⅵ) adsorption properties of FeS/chitosan-based carbon aerogel composites[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(11): 6042-6052.

图/表 16

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样品	比表面积/m²·g^-1	孔体积/cm³·g^-1	孔径/nm
CA	45.89	0.008	19.15
FeS/CA-3	83.10	0.024	8.60
FeS/CA-2	87.95	0.044	9.05
FeS/CA-1	189.97	0.063	8.30
FeS/CA-0.5	210.32	0.100	7.40
FeS/CA-0.3	220.07	0.097	6.60

样品	比表面积/m²·g^-1	孔体积/cm³·g^-1	孔径/nm
CA	45.89	0.008	19.15
FeS/CA-3	83.10	0.024	8.60
FeS/CA-2	87.95	0.044	9.05
FeS/CA-1	189.97	0.063	8.30
FeS/CA-0.5	210.32	0.100	7.40
FeS/CA-0.3	220.07	0.097	6.60

吸附剂	准一级动力学模型			准二级动力学模型
吸附剂	k₁/min^-1	R²	q_e/mg·g^-1	k₂/g·mg^-1·min^-1	R²	q_e/mg·g^-1
CA	0.022	0.972	31.222	0.029	0.889	46.211
FeS/CA-0.5	0.071	0.989	73.484	0.038	0.998	180.180

吸附剂	准一级动力学模型			准二级动力学模型
吸附剂	k₁/min^-1	R²	q_e/mg·g^-1	k₂/g·mg^-1·min^-1	R²	q_e/mg·g^-1
CA	0.022	0.972	31.222	0.029	0.889	46.211
FeS/CA-0.5	0.071	0.989	73.484	0.038	0.998	180.180

吸附剂				颗粒内扩散模型
吸附剂	k_d1	C₁	R²	k_d2	C₂	R²	k_d3	C₃	R²
CA	4.48	-7.59	0.859	0.18	27.35	0.348	—	—	—
FeS/CA-0.5	10.65	58.13	0.924	4.47	100.64	0.986	2.09	133.35	0.927