旋风分离器内气相旋转流动态特性分析与表征

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1752

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

旋风分离器内的气相旋转流具有很强的动态特性，表现为流场瞬时参数随时间波动变化。为了对旋风分离器内气相旋转流动态特性进行表征，本文基于热线/热膜风速仪（HWFA）和动态压力传感器测量的旋风分离器内瞬时切向速度和瞬时压力，从时域和频域两个方面进行了分析。结果表明，旋风分离器内瞬时切向速度信号时域上的波形分布与旋转流的摆动存在联系，时域上的标准偏差可以直观地表征旋风分离器内旋转流的波动强度；频域的主频和功率谱密度（PSD）可以表征旋转流动态参数波动的准周期行为、传递行为和强度衰减特征，也是旋转流摆动行为及其影响范围的反映。基于瞬时切向速度和瞬时压力的时域和频域分析能较好地反映旋转流流场的波动特点，均可用于表征旋风分离器内气相旋转流的动态特性。

关键词: 旋风分离器, 旋转流, 动态特性, 时频分析, 表征方法

Abstract:

Gas swirling flow in the cyclone separator exists strong dynamic characteristics, which are characterized by the instantaneous parameters fluctuate over time. In order to characterize the dynamic characteristics of the gas swirling flow in a cyclone separator, the instantaneous tangential velocity and instantaneous pressure in the cyclone measured by the hot wire/film anemometer (HWFA) and dynamic pressure sensor were analyzed on both time and frequency domain. The results showed that the waveform distribution of the instantaneous tangential velocity in the time domain wass related to the gas swirling flow swing, and the standard deviation was dependent on the fluctuation intensity of gas swirling flow. The dominant frequency and power spectral density (PSD) in the frequency domain were used to illustrate the quasi-periodic behavior, transmission behavior and attenuation characteristics of the swirling flow dynamic parameter. It is also the reflection of the swirling flow swing behavior and its range of influence. Therefore, time-frequency analysis based on the instantaneous tangent velocity and the instantaneous pressure might better indicate the fluctuation characteristics of the swirling flow, consequently, which can be applied to characterize the dynamic characteristics of the gas swirling flow in the cyclone separator.

Key words: cyclone separator, swirling flow, dynamic characteristics, time-frequency analysis, characterization method

中图分类号:

TQ051.8

解明, 孙立强, 宋健斐, 魏耀东. 旋风分离器内气相旋转流动态特性分析与表征[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(7): 3455-3464.

XIE Ming, SUN Liqiang, SONG Jianfei, WEI Yaodong. Analysis and characterization of gas swirling flow dynamic characteristics in a cyclone separator[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(7): 3455-3464.

图/表 13

图1

图2

表1

表2

图3

图4

图 5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

参考文献 39

1	HOFFMANN A C, STEIN L E. Gas cyclones and swirl tubes: principles, design and operation[M]. Berlin：Springer-Verlage, 2002: 277-297
2	岑可法, 倪明江, 严建华, 等. 气固分离理论及技术[M]. 杭州: 浙江大学出版社, 1999.
	CEN Kefa, NI Mingjiang, YAN Jianhua, et al. Theory and technology of gas-solid separation[M]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University Press, 1999.
3	CRISTÓBAL C, GIL A. Modeling the gas and particle flow inside cyclone separators[J]. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, 2007, 33(5): 409-452.
4	陈俊冬，宋金仓，曾川，等. 旋风分离器分离性能的数值模拟与分析[J]. 化工进展， 2016, 35(5): 1360-1364.
	CHEN Jun dong, SONG Jin cang, ZENG Chuan, et al. Numerical simulation and analysis on separation performance of cyclone separaton[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2016, 35(5): 1360-1364.
5	胡瓅元, 时铭显. 蜗壳式旋风分离器全空间三维时均流场的结构[J]. 化工学报, 2003, 54(4): 549-556.
	HU Liyuan, SHI Mingxian. Three-dimensional time-averaged flow structure in cyclone separator with volute inlet[J]. CIESC Journal, 2003, 54(4): 549-556.
6	吴小林, 姬忠礼, 田彦辉, 等. PV型旋风分离器内流场的试验研究[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 1997, 13(3): 93-99.
	WU Xiaolin, JI Zhongli, TIAN Yanhui, et al. Experimental study on flow field of PV type cyclone separator[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 1997, 13(3): 93-99.
7	高助威，王娟，王江云，等. 旋风分离器自然旋风长的影响因素[J]. 石油学报（石油加工）, 2019, 35(3): 613-620.
	GAO Zhuwei, WANG Juan, WANG Jiangyun, et al. Influence factors of the natural cyclone length in cyclone separators[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 2019, 35(3): 613-620.
8	HU L Y, ZHOU L X, ZHANG J, et al. Studies on strongly swirling flows in the full space of a volute cyclone separator[J]. AIChE Journal, 2005, 51(3): 740-749.
9	HE M Y, ZHANG Y H, MA L, et al. Study on flow field characteristics in a reverse rotation cyclone with PIV[J]. Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification, 2018, 126: 100-107.
10	ZHAO B T, WANG D S, SU Y X, et al. Gas-particle cyclonic separation dynamics: modeling and characterization[J]. Separation & Purification Reviews, 2020, 49(2): 112-142.
11	BRAR L S, SHARMA R P, ELSAYED K. The effect of the cyclone length on the performance of Stairmand high-efficiency cyclone[J]. Powder Technology, 2015, 286: 668-677.
12	ELSAYED K, LACOR C. The effect of cyclone vortex finder dimensions on the flow pattern and performance using LES[J]. Computers & Fluids, 2013, 71: 224-239.
13	SAFIKHANI H, ZAMANI J, MUSA M. Numerical study of flow field in new design cyclone separators with one, two and three tangential inlets[J]. Advanced Powder Technology, 2018, 29(3): 611-622.
14	高翠芝, 孙国刚, 董瑞倩. 排气管对旋风分离器轴向速度分布形态影响的数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2010, 61(9): 2409-2416.
	GAO Cuizhi, SUN Guogang, DONG Ruiqian. Effect of vortex finder on axial velocity distribution patterns in cyclones[J]. CIESC Journal, 2010, 61(9): 2409-2416.
15	PARVAZ F, HOSSEINI S H, AHMADI G, et al. Impacts of the vortex finder eccentricity on the flow pattern and performance of a gas cyclone[J]. Separation and Purification Technology, 2017, 187: 1-13.
16	蔡香丽, 杨智勇, 王菁, 等. 旋风分离器气相旋转流流场动态特性的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(11): 4805-4814.
	CAI Xiangli, YANG Zhiyong, WANG Jing, et al. Research progress on dynamic characteristics of swirling flow in a cyclone[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(11): 4805-4814.
17	OBERMAIR S, WOISETSCHLÄGER J, STAUDINGER G. Investigation of the flow pattern in different dust outlet geometries of a gas cyclone by laser Doppler anemometry[J]. Powder Technology, 2003, 138(2/3):239-251.
18	SOLERO G, COGHE A. Experimental fluid dynamic characterization of a cyclone chamber[J]. Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, 2002, 27(1): 87-96.
19	SUN L Q, WANG D, SONG J F, et al. Experimental study of gas swirling flow instability characteristics in a cyclone using the hot-wire anemometry technique[J]. AIChE Journal, 2020, 66: e16759.
20	宋健斐, 王甜, 徐国, 等. D300mm×2000mm圆管内旋转流切向速度特征的实验研究[J]. 实验流体力学, 2010, 24(6): 41-46.
	SONG J F, WANG T, XU G, et al. Experimental study of the real tangential velocity in the circular pipe with D300mm×2000mm by HWA[J]. Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics, 2010, 24(6): 41-46.
21	蔡香丽, 杨智勇, 马玉苗, 等. 旋风分离器内旋转流湍流特性的实验分析[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 2015, 31(4): 983-990.
	CAI Xiangli, YANG Zhiyong, MA Yumiao, et al. Experimental analysis of turbulence characteristics of swirling flow in cyclone[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 2015, 31(4): 983-990.
22	SUN Liqiang, SONG Jianfei, WANG Di, et al. An experimental investigation on gas flow field dynamic characteristics in a reverse cyclone[J]. Chemical Engineering Research and Design, 2020, 160: 52-62.
23	LIU Z L, JIAO J Y, ZHENG Y, et al. Investigation of turbulence characteristics in a gas cyclone by stereoscopic PIV[J]. AIChE Journal, 2006, 52(12): 4150-4160.
24	WU X L, SHI M X. Visualization of the precessing vortex core in a cyclone separator by PIV[J]. Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2003, 11(6): 633-637.
25	GU X F, SONG J F, WEI Y D. Experimental study of pressure fluctuation in a gas-solid cyclone separator[J]. Powder Technology, 2016, 299: 217-225.
26	高翠芝, 孙国刚, 董瑞倩. 旋风分离器旋涡尾端测量及压力特性分析[J]. 化工学报, 2010, 61(6): 1399-1405.
	GAO Cuizhi, SUN Guogang, DONG Ruiqian. Analysis on location and pressure of vortex end in gas cyclone[J]. CIESC Journal, 2010, 61(6): 1399-1405.
27	吴小林, 熊至宜, 姬忠礼, 等. 旋风分离器旋进涡核的数值模拟[J]. 化工学报, 2007, 58(2): 383-390.
	WU Xiaolin, XIONG Zhiyi, JI Zhongli, et al. Numerical simulation of precessing vortex core in cyclone separator[J]. CIESC Journal, 2007, 58(2): 383-390.
28	高助威, 王娟, 王江云, 等. 旋风分离器内涡核摆动的特性研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2017, 38(12): 2610-2618.
	GAO Zhuwei, WANG Juan, WANG Jiangyun, et al. Study of the characteristics of vortex core oscillation in cyclone separator[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2017, 38(12): 2610-2618.
29	龙薪羽, 刘根凡, 毛锐, 等. 旋风分离器旋进涡核的大涡数值模拟[J]. 石油学报(石油加工), 2016, 32(4): 734-740.
	LONG Xinyu, LIU Genfan, MAO Rui, et al. Large eddy simulation of vortex core processing in cyclone separator[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 2016, 32(4): 734-740.
30	BRAR Lakhbir Singh, ELSAYED Khairy. Analysis and optimization of multi-inlet gas cyclones using large eddy simulation and artificial neural network[J]. Powder Technology, 2017,311: 465-483.
31	DERKSEN J J, VAN DEN AKKER H E. Simulation of vortex core precession in a reverse-flow cyclone[J]. AIChE Journal, 2000, 46(7):1317-1331.
32	宋健斐, 魏耀东, 时铭显. 蜗壳式旋风分离器内气相流场非轴对称特性分析[J]. 化工学报, 2007, 58(5): 1091-1096.
	SONG Jianfei, WEI Yaodong, SHI Mingxian. Analysis of asymmetry of gas-phase flow field in volute cyclone[J]. CIESC Journal, 2007, 58(5): 1091-1096.
33	GAO Z, WANG J, WANG J Y, et al. Time-frequency analysis of the vortex motion in a cylindrical cyclone separator[J]. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2019, 373: 1120-1131.
34	胡瓅元, 时铭显. 蜗壳式旋风分离器内的湍流特性(Ⅰ)分离空间[J]. 化工学报, 2004, 55(3): 345-350.
	HU Liyuan, SHI Mingxian. Turbulence properties in cyclone separator with volute inlet (Ⅰ) separation space[J]. CIESC Journal, 2004, 55(3): 345-350.
35	孟文, 王江云, 毛羽, 等. 排气管直径对旋分器非轴对称旋转流场的影响[J]. 石油学报（石油加工）, 2015, 31(6): 1309-1316.
	MENG Wen, WANG Jiangyun, MAO Yu, et al. Effect of vortex finder diameter on non-axisymmetric rotating flow field in cyclone separator[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica (Petroleum Processing Section), 2015, 31(6): 1309-1316.
36	张少峰, 王琦, 高川博, 等. 液固两相外循环流化床压力波动信号的统计及频谱分析[J]. 过程工程学报, 2006, 6(6): 878-883.
	ZHANG Shaofeng, WANG Qi, GAO Chuanbo, et al. Statistical and frequency analysis of pressure fluctuations in liquid-solid exterior circulating fluidized bed[J]. The Chinese Journal of Process Engineering, 2006, 6(6): 878-883.
37	张永俊, 王嘉骏, 顾雪萍, 等. 气固搅拌流化床中压力脉动特性[J]. 化工学报, 2016, 67(2): 494-503.
	ZHANG Yongjun, WANG Jiajun, GU Xueping, et al. Pressure fluctuation in gas-solid agitated fluidized bed[J]. CIESC Journal, 2016, 67(2): 494-503.
38	YOHANA E, TAUVIQIRRAHMAN M, YUSUF B, et al. Effect of vortex limiter position and metal rod insertion on the flow field, heat rate, and performance of cyclone separator[J]. Powder Technology, 2021, 377: 464-475.
39	DUAN J H, GAO S, HOU C G, et al. Effect of cylinder vortex stabilizer on separator performance of the Stairmand cyclone[J]. Powder Technology, 2020, 372: 305-316.

测量截面	z/D
Z₁	1.23
Z₂	1.93
Z₃	2.52
Z₄	3.30
Z₅	4.05

[1]	范军领, 何昊, 张攀, 陈光辉. 局部磨损对α型旋风分离器内流场及分离性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(8): 4025-4034.
[2]	王衍, 曹志康, 王英尧, 胡琼, 胡鹏, 肖业祥. 旋转流场流态预测模型验证及其速度分量选择的差异性[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(5): 2389-2400.
[3]	蔡香丽,杨智勇,王菁,田玲,孙立强,魏耀东. 旋风分离器气相旋转流流场动态特性的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(11): 4805-4814.
[4]	郭鑫, 申海平, 侯焕娣, 李吉广, 黄汤舜. 渣油胶体稳定性研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(S1): 43-48.
[5]	陈程, 刘雪东, 罗召威, 崔树旗, 谈志超. 旋转流化床粉体混合机混合效果数值模拟和实验验证[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(09): 3294-3302.
[6]	罗立群, 刘斌, 安峰文. 膨胀石墨孔隙结构及表征方法研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(02): 611-617.
[7]	周先桃, 王依谋, 马良, 刘安林, 何梦雅. 液相射流吸收耦合气相旋流分离烟气脱硫[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(12): 4053-4059.
[8]	陈俊冬, 宋金仓, 曾川, 邹鹏程, 王晓天, 陈海焱. 旋风分离器分离性能的数值模拟与分析[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(05): 1360-1365.
[9]	姜旭, 王翠苹, 张龙龙. 煤化学链燃烧装置中串联分离器的数值模拟与性能优化[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(02): 425-431.
[10]	于洲，马春元. 动态旋风分离器数值模拟及实验研究 [J]. 化工进展, 2014, 33(07): 1684-1690.
[11]	袁惠新，方毅，付双成. 天然气脱蜡旋风分离器分离效率的模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2014, 33(01): 43-49.
[12]	潘传九，靳兆文，冯秀. 旋风分离器的螺旋导流和防返混[J]. 化工进展, 2012, 31(06): 1215-1219.
[13]	葛坡，袁惠新，付双成. 对称多入口型旋风分离器的数值模拟[J]. 化工进展, 2012, 31(02 ): 296-299.
[14]	陈娟，卢啸风，胡清，郭强. 排气管偏置分离器分离性能的数值模拟 [J]. 化工进展, 2011, 30(6): 1182-.
[15]	杨宗伟，王志斌，邢晓林，申静，高朝祥，周文. 旋转流三管微滤膜强化分离过程 [J]. 化工进展, 2010, 29(6): 1013-.