跨/超临界多相射流过程瞬态密度场可视化实验

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-1386

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用一种改进的高时空分辨率相移干涉仪，探究跨/超临界射流过程中不同于亚临界条件下的射流特性，测量了不同跨/超临界射流过程中相变化界面的瞬态密度场。相移干涉仪采用马赫-曾德尔型干涉仪的基本排布，通过像素阵列掩模法实现了传感器同时获得多相位的干涉图像，空间分辨率可达3.45μm，时间分辨率可达0.001s。实验中通过相移干涉仪实现了对液相-超临界相、超临界-气相射流过程的可视化研究，实时定量化测量了瞬态密度场。结果表明，液相流体射流到超临界环境中（p_r=1.01，Re=79.738），射流界面不会产生类似亚临界条件下的微小液滴，而是在边缘出现高度褶皱的相平衡层，与文献取得一致的结果；可视腔底部的射流流体密度初始处于712.82kg/m³，随着射流的进行，与周围低密度流体相互作用，密度降低到310kg/m³。超临界相流体射流到气相环境中（p_r=0.98，Re=87.340），射流界面发生破碎；随着高密度射流流体（314.99kg/m³）从底部向上流动，底部的密度逐渐降低到288.12kg/m³，射流相变化界面的法向有很大的密度梯度，最大值为1.565×10⁴kg/m⁴。

关键词: 超临界二氧化碳, 两相流, 相移干涉, 定量可视化, 相变

Abstract:

The characteristics of fluid injection process under transcritical/supercritical conditions which are different from the subcritical conditions were explored by using an improved phase-shifting interferometer with high temporal and spatial resolution. The transient density field of the phase transition interface in the process under different trans/supercritical injection was measured. The phase shift interferometer adopted the basic arrangement of the Mach-Zehnder type interferometer. Through the pixelated-array masked method, the multi-phase interference images could be obtained by a sensor. The spatial resolution reached 3.45μm, and the time resolution achieved was 0.001s. In the experiment, the phase-shifting interferometer was used to realize the visual study of the injection processes from liquid to supercritical phase and from supercritical to gas phase, the transient density field was quantitatively measured in real time. The results showed that when the liquid-phase fluid jet into the supercritical environment, the jet interface will not produce tiny droplets similar to the subcritical conditions. When the liquid-phase fluid jets into a supercritical environment (p_r=1.01, Re=79.738), the jet interface did not produce tiny droplets similar to subcritical conditions, but a highly wrinkled phase equilibrium layer appeared at the edge, and the results are consistent with the literature. The density of the jet fluid at the bottom in the visible cavity was initially at 712.82kg/m³. As the jet progressed, it interacts with the surrounding low-density fluid, which made the density decrease to 310kg/m³. When the supercritical fluid jet into the gas phase environment (p_r=0.98, Re=87.340), the interface of the injection was broken. As the high-density jet fluid (314.99kg/m³) flowed upward from the bottom, the density at the bottom gradually decreased to 288.12kg/m³. There was a large density gradient in the normal direction of the phase change interface, with the maximum value of 1.565×10⁴kg/m⁴.

Key words: supercritical carbon dioxide, two-phase flow, phase-shifting interferometer, quantitative visualization, phase change

中图分类号:

杨董, 陈林. 跨/超临界多相射流过程瞬态密度场可视化实验[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(12): 6432-6440.

YANG Dong, CHEN Lin. Visualization of transient density field in multiphase jet flow under transcritical/supercritical conditions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(12): 6432-6440.

图/表 10

图1 射流可视化实验系统和射流可视腔结构

图2 相移干涉系统光路

表1 实验工况参数

序号	状态变化		注入流体		腔内流体
序号	注入流体	腔内流体	压力/MPa	温度/℃	压力/MPa	温度/℃
①	液态	气态	5.8	20	5.6	20
②	液态	超临界态	7.5	28	7.4	32
③	超临界态	气态	7.4	32	7.2	32

图3 跨/超临界射流在p-T相图上的分布

图4 液相-气相射流过程瞬态相位场和密度场分布（工况①）

图5 关键点密度随时间变化

图6 液相-超临界相射流过程瞬态相位场和密度场分布（工况②）

图7 关键点密度随时间变化

图8 超临界相-气相射流过程瞬态相位场和密度场分布（工况③）

图9 关键点密度随时间变化

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