化工园区多Agent协同应急智能决策体系

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-1845

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在应急响应不同阶段中，化工园区路网均处于应急救援与应急疏散等多种智能体（Agent）同步异构的活动状态，仅考虑单Agent在特定阶段的应急决策，难以为园区应急响应提供全方位支持。为探究园区应急响应全过程中各Agent的决策模型及其信息协同关系，本文基于混合式多Agent系统思想构建化工园区多Agent协同应急智能决策体系。首先，对应急响应4个等级进行改进，提出混合式智能决策体系框架；其次，对化工园区多Agent应急决策时空变化关系进行了分析，将园区多Agent应急响应全过程分为园区企业内部应急响应、园区内部应急响应、园区内外协同应急响应3个阶段；最后，基于混合式多Agent系统（MAS）与协同理论，构建基于三层应急智能决策模型的化工园区多Agent信息共享关系与协同模式，所提出的化工园区混合式三层多Agent应急响应全过程智能决策体系能够为化工园区应急决策提供重要的理论基础和技术支持。

关键词: 化工园区, 安全, 多Agent协同应急决策, 应急响应, 模型, 系统工程

Abstract:

The emergency response of the chemical industry park (CIP) has the spatial-temporal characteristics of dynamic and hierarchical emergency decision-making, conflict and synergy of the emergency rescue (ER), and the emergency evacuation (EE). In different emergency response stages, the road network of the CIP is in the state of synchronous heterogeneous activities, such as the ER Agent and the EE Agent. Therefore, a new method of route planning considers separate emergency response stages, is proposed in this study. Firstly, the four levels of emergency response are enhanced, and a hybrid intelligent decision-making system framework is proposed. Secondly, the temporal and spatial variation of multi-Agent emergency decision-making in the CIP is analyzed, and the multi-Agent intelligent decision-making models are established, respectively, for the emergency response stage inside the enterprises, the emergency response stage inside the CIP, and the collaborative emergency response stage both inside and outside the CIP. Finally, based on the hybrid MAS system and collaboration theory, the multi-agent information-sharing relationship and cooperation model based on three-tier emergency intelligent decision-making model in the CIP were constructed. The intelligent decision-making system for the whole process of emergency response can provide important theoretical basis and technical support for the emergency decision-making in the CIP.

Key words: chemical industrial park, safety, multi-Agent collaborative emergency decision, emergency response, model, systems engineering

中图分类号:

N945.25

陈培珠, 陈国华, 周利兴, 门金坤. 化工园区多Agent协同应急智能决策体系[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4656-4665.

CHEN Peizhu, CHEN Guohua, ZHOU Lixing, MEN Jinkun. Intelligent decision system of emergency response based on multi-Agent cooperation in chemical industry park[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(8): 4656-4665.

图/表 17

图1 化工园区生产安全事故应急响应全过程流程

图2 混合式MAS结构

图3 化工园区三层多Agent应急决策模型

表1 化工园区三层多Agent应急决策分层

层级	架构
（1）应急指挥层	要素：园区企业应急预案；园区应急决策系统；政府应急平台
	功能：将应急决策目标任务分解为不同的应急子任务集合
	模型：针对不同应急子任务选择最优解
（2）应急任务层	要素：应急子任务最优目标
	功能：将应急子任务分为不可分解任务、可分解任务
	模型：构建不同应急子任务的决策优化模型
（3）应急任务执行层	要素：应急子任务中的执行Agent
	功能：梳理应急子任务中Agent的不同功能及优化目标
	模型：构建多Agent智能决策优化模型

图4 化工园区应急智能决策MAS系统分组情况

图5 基于应急响应全过程的化工园区多Agent应急决策时空变化关系

图6 园区企业内部应急响应期三层多Agent应急决策内容

图7 园区内部应急响应期三层多Agent应急决策内容

图8 园区内外协同应急响应期三层多Agent应急决策内容

图9 化工园区多Agent应急决策信息关系

图10 黑板系统多Agent信息共享通信方式

图11 化工园区应急响应全过程多Agent的系统结构

图12 化工园区应急响应全过程多Agent的信息共享与协同关系

图13 园区企业内部应急响应期多Agent信息共享与协同关系

图14 园区内部应急响应期多Agent信息共享与协同关系

图15 园区内外协同应急响应期多Agent信息共享与协同关系

图16 化工园区应急智能决策模型中多Agent协同模式

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