用于铀酰离子检测的光化学分析传感器研究新进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0508

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着全球变暖和能源问题的出现，对于核能这种清洁能源的开发和应用越发深入和广泛。铀作为一种核原料非常宝贵，然而以铀为主的核废料因其高放射性和生物毒性对人类的生命健康产生了威胁，因此如何实现对其痕量检测成为了人们关注的焦点。光化学传感器由于分析迅速、灵敏度高，能够及时检测排查铀等放射性元素。因此，研发拥有高选择性、高灵敏度和可重复使用的铀酰光化学检测传感器就显得尤为重要。本文主要阐述了近年来基于光化学技术的铀酰检测传感器的前沿进展，其中光化学技术主要包括紫外可见分光光度法（UV-vis）、荧光（fluorescence）分光光度法、表面增强拉曼散射法（SERS）等，并讨论了其各自检测特性，分析了优势与不足之处，初步探讨了光化学传感技术测铀的发展趋势及方向，为进一步设计铀酰光化学检测传感器提供了参考。

关键词: 铀酰, 紫外可见分光光度法, 荧光, 拉曼散射法

Abstract:

With the emergence of global warming and energy issues, the development and application of clean energy such as nuclear energy has become more and more in-depth and extensive. Uranium is very valuable as a nuclear material. However, uranium-based nuclear waste is a threat to human life and health because of its high radioactivity and biotoxicity, so how to detect its trace has aroused people’s attention. The photochemical sensor can detect and exclude uranium and other radioactive elements in time because of its quick analysis and high sensitivity. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a uranyl photochemical detection sensor with high selectivity, sensitivity and reusability. In this paper, we reviewed the recent advances in the detection of uranyl based on photochemical techniques, including UV-vis, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), and so on. Furthermore, this paper discussed their detection characteristics, analyzed their advantages and disadvantages, and touched on the development trend and direction of photochemical sensing technology for uranium detection, which provided reference for the further design of uranyl photochemical detection sensor.

Key words: uranyl, UV-vis spectrophotometry, fluorescence, surface-enhanced Raman scattering

中图分类号:

O657.3

郦瑜杰, 张迪, 刘陈, 王志梅, 廖力夫, 肖锡林. 用于铀酰离子检测的光化学分析传感器研究新进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(1): 477-486.

Yujie LI, Di ZHANG, Chen LIU, Zhimei WANG, Lifu LIAO, Xilin XIAO. Research progress of photochemical analysis sensors for uranyl ion detection[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(1): 477-486.

图/表 6

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方法名称	设备	线性范围	检出限	时间	回收率	参考文献
磺基-Salophen	荧光	0.03~4μmol·L^-1	0.015μmol·L^-1	—	97%~104%	[23]
SDS包裹的uranyl-salophen配合物	荧光	0.005~3.5μmol·L^-1	0.003μmol·L^-1	20min	96%~103%	[24]
荧光传感器（TPE-BSA）	荧光	0~0.3μmol·L^-1	0.039μmol·L^-1	10min	>100.3%	[26]
含偕氨肟基团的荧光聚合物	荧光	10~150nmol·L^-1	10nmol·L^-1	200s	98%~108%	[28]
荧光共轭微孔聚合物（CMPAO）	荧光	0~20μmol·L^-1	1.7nmol·L^-1	—	>90%	[30]
DNA熵驱动扩增技术荧光探针	荧光	30pmol·L^-1~5nmol·L^-1	13pmol·L^-1	>60min	>95%	[32]
增强活性的39E DNA酶	荧光	13~37nmol·L^-1	0.19nmol·L^-1	—	>90%	[33]
DNA酶修饰的磁珠	紫外	0.074~56pmol·L^-1	3.7pmol·L^-1	2.5h	98%~105%	[41]
经Murexide功能化的磁性纳米颗粒	紫外	0.74~15μmol·L^-1	3.7nmol·L^-1	0.5h	94%~101.2%	[47]
3-MPD功能化的金纳米颗粒	紫外	7.4~370pmol·L^-1	1.1pmol·L^-1	30min	>95%	[49]
基于偶氮胂Ⅲ在滤纸条上的显色探针	手机光学相机	0~0.22μmol·L^-1	2.4nmol·L^-1	—	97.30%~104.7%	[53]
碳点和CdTe量子点合成的比例荧光探针	手机光学相机	—	0.5μmol·L^-1	实时	80%~100%	[57]
NG-ssDNA-RhG共轭体	SERS	5~125nmol·L^-1	1.6nmol·L^-1	—	94.7%~104 %	[67]
RhB标记的双链DNA	SERS	0.1pmol·L^-1~0.1μmol·L^-1	3.71fmol·L^-1	2h	95.2%~106.3%	[70]
基于纳米粒子在改性硅片上的SERS探针	SERS	0.1μmol·L^-1~1mmol·L^-1	0.1μmol·L^-1	—	—	[72]
柠檬酸盐稳定的银纳米颗粒	SERS	0.2~5μmol·L^-1	60nmol·L^-1	<10s	86%~105%	[75]
纳米银修饰的拉曼光谱胶带	SERS	0.1~10μmol·L^-1	0.1μmol·L^-1	—	—	[76]

方法名称	设备	线性范围	检出限	时间	回收率	参考文献
磺基-Salophen	荧光	0.03~4μmol·L^-1	0.015μmol·L^-1	—	97%~104%	[23]
SDS包裹的uranyl-salophen配合物	荧光	0.005~3.5μmol·L^-1	0.003μmol·L^-1	20min	96%~103%	[24]
荧光传感器（TPE-BSA）	荧光	0~0.3μmol·L^-1	0.039μmol·L^-1	10min	>100.3%	[26]
含偕氨肟基团的荧光聚合物	荧光	10~150nmol·L^-1	10nmol·L^-1	200s	98%~108%	[28]
荧光共轭微孔聚合物（CMPAO）	荧光	0~20μmol·L^-1	1.7nmol·L^-1	—	>90%	[30]
DNA熵驱动扩增技术荧光探针	荧光	30pmol·L^-1~5nmol·L^-1	13pmol·L^-1	>60min	>95%	[32]
增强活性的39E DNA酶	荧光	13~37nmol·L^-1	0.19nmol·L^-1	—	>90%	[33]
DNA酶修饰的磁珠	紫外	0.074~56pmol·L^-1	3.7pmol·L^-1	2.5h	98%~105%	[41]
经Murexide功能化的磁性纳米颗粒	紫外	0.74~15μmol·L^-1	3.7nmol·L^-1	0.5h	94%~101.2%	[47]
3-MPD功能化的金纳米颗粒	紫外	7.4~370pmol·L^-1	1.1pmol·L^-1	30min	>95%	[49]
基于偶氮胂Ⅲ在滤纸条上的显色探针	手机光学相机	0~0.22μmol·L^-1	2.4nmol·L^-1	—	97.30%~104.7%	[53]
碳点和CdTe量子点合成的比例荧光探针	手机光学相机	—	0.5μmol·L^-1	实时	80%~100%	[57]
NG-ssDNA-RhG共轭体	SERS	5~125nmol·L^-1	1.6nmol·L^-1	—	94.7%~104 %	[67]
RhB标记的双链DNA	SERS	0.1pmol·L^-1~0.1μmol·L^-1	3.71fmol·L^-1	2h	95.2%~106.3%	[70]
基于纳米粒子在改性硅片上的SERS探针	SERS	0.1μmol·L^-1~1mmol·L^-1	0.1μmol·L^-1	—	—	[72]
柠檬酸盐稳定的银纳米颗粒	SERS	0.2~5μmol·L^-1	60nmol·L^-1	<10s	86%~105%	[75]
纳米银修饰的拉曼光谱胶带	SERS	0.1~10μmol·L^-1	0.1μmol·L^-1	—	—	[76]

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