高浓度丙酮VOCs高温预热近极限贫燃预混火焰特性的数值分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0390

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为进一步对一种丙酮挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）焚烧炉进行设计优化和运行参数调节，本文对其在不同的燃料当量比、预热温度下的火焰特性进行了数值模拟，分析了其绝热火焰温度、着火延迟时间、火焰传播速度和一维火焰产物分布特性。研究结果表明：典型当量比（约0.113）下的绝热火焰温度为850~900℃，属于中低温燃烧，绝热火焰温度随预热温度和当量比（0.06~0.4）的升高均线性升高。预热温度和化学当量比对着火延迟时间的影响十分敏感。在其典型贫燃条件下，层流火焰传播速度随预热温度升高呈指数函数关系增大，随化学当量比增大而缓慢升高，且其层流火焰传播速度不超过150cm/s。反应过程首先发生丙酮的分解和部分氧化，并持续时间较长，仅当混合物的温度升高一定程度后才发生较剧烈的CO氧化。

关键词: 丙酮, 挥发性有机化合物, 贫燃极限, 预混燃烧, 化学反应动力学

Abstract:

The flame characteristics of an acetone VOCs incinerator at different fuel equivalence ratios and preheating temperatures are simulated to optimize its design and operation parameters. The factors of adiabatic flame temperature, ignition delay time, flame propagation velocity and one-dimensional flame product distribution are analyzed. The results show that the adiabatic flame temperature at the typical equivalence ratio (about 0.113) is 850—900℃, which belongs to medium-to-low temperature combustion. The influence of preheating temperature and chemical equivalence ratio on the ignition delay time is very significant. Under the typical fuel-lean condition, the laminar flame propagation speed increases exponentially with the increase of preheating temperature and slowly with the increase of chemical equivalence ratio, and the laminar flame propagation speed does not exceed 150cm/s. The decomposition and partial oxidation of acetone take place firstly, which can last for a long time. Only when the temperature of the mixture increases high enough, the more intense oxidation of CO takes place.

Key words: acetone, VOCs, fuel-lean combustion limit, premixed combustion, chemical reaction kinetics

中图分类号:

TK16

郑仕杰, 钱研, 杨朋辉, 王学斌. 高浓度丙酮VOCs高温预热近极限贫燃预混火焰特性的数值分析[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(1): 67-73.

Shijie ZHENG, Yan QIAN, Penghui YANG, Xuebin WANG. Numerical analysis of flame characteristics of preheated acetone VOCs mixture under extremely fuel-lean conditions[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(1): 67-73.

图/表 1

参考文献 33

1	GENG Fuhai, Xuexi TIE, XU Jianmin, et al. Characterizations of ozone, NO_x, and VOCs measured in Shanghai, China[J]. Atmospheric Environment, 1996, 42(29): 6873-6883.
2	HSU D J, HUANG H L, CHIEN C H, et al. Potential exposure to VOCs caused by dry process photocopiers: results from a chamber study[J]. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 2005, 75(6): 1150-1155.
3	应晓宁, 任建军, 王渭军, 等. RTO和VAR焚烧炉在某制药企业废气治理中的应用[J]. 广州化工, 2016, 44(9): 141-143.
	YING Xiaoning, REN Jianjun, WANG Weijun, et al. Solution for VOC treatment in a chemical pharmaceutical company by a combination application of RTO and VAR[J]. Guangzhou Chemical Industry, 2016, 44(9):141-143.
4	袁莉. 可燃极限附近丙烷/空气预混火焰的层流燃烧速度研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院, 2012.
	YUAN Li. Laminar combustion rate of propane/air premixed flame near the flammability limit[D]. Beijing: Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2012.
5	ZELDOVICH Y B. Theory of the propagation limit of a quiet flame[J]. Zh. Éksp. Teor. Phys., 1941, 11: 159-169.
6	ZELDOVICH Y B, FRANK-KAMENETSKII D A. A theory of thermal propagation of flame[J]. Acta Physiochimica URSS, 1938, 9: 341-350.
7	RONNEY P D, WACHMAN H Y. Effect of gravity on laminar premixed gas combustion Ⅰ: Flammability limits and burning velocities[J]. Combustion & Flame, 1985, 62(2): 107-119.
8	LAW C K, EGOLFOPOULOS F N. A unified chain-thermal theory of fundamental flammability limits[J]. Symposium on Combustion, 1992, 24(1):137-144.
9	DEREK Bradley, GASKELL P H, GU X J. Burning velocities, markstein lengths, and flame quenching for spherical methane-air flames: a computational study[J]. Combustion & Flame, 1996, 104(1/2): 176-198.
10	王双峰, 张海, JOZEF J, 等. 近贫燃极限甲烷/空气火焰的层流燃烧速度研究[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2011, 32(1): 165-168.
	WANG Shuangfeng, ZHANG Hai, JOZEF J, et al. Study on the laminar burning velocities of premixed methane/air flames near the lean flammability limit[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2011, 32(1): 165-168.
11	徐侃. 微小尺度燃烧中淬熄距离和贫燃极限的研究[D]. 合肥: 中国科学技术大学, 2011.
	XU Kan. Study of quenching distance and lean-burn extinction limit in mini-scale combustion[D]. Hefei: University of Science and Technology of China, 2011.
12	吴晋湘, 杜荣, 苟湘. 烟气自循环加热炉内预热空气温度对燃烧过程的影响[J]. 工业炉, 2012(1): 7-11.
	WU Jinxiang, DU Rong, GOU Xiang. Influence of preheated air temperature on combustion process in flue gas self-circulation furnace[J]. Industrial Furnace, 2012(1): 7-11.
13	尹洪超, 张微. 空气预热温度对燃烧状况的影响[J]. 节能, 2007, 26(9): 4-6.
	YIN Hongchao, ZHANG Wei. The numerical simulation of preheated air temperature on combustion process[J]. Energy Conservation, 2007, 26(9): 4-6.
14	李宇红, 祁海鹰, 苑皎, 等. 预热温度影响甲烷高温空气燃烧特性的数值分析[J]. 工程热物理学报, 2001, 34(2): 257-260.
	LI Yuhong, QI Haiying, YUAN Jiao, et al. Numerical analysis of preheating temperature on high temperature air combustion characteristics of methane[J]. Journal of Engineering Thermophysics, 2001, 34(2): 257-260.
15	赵博宁, 李健. 天然气预热温度对高温蓄热式加热炉内燃气流动影响的数值模拟研究[J]. 化学工程与装备, 2010(8): 27-29.
	ZHAO Boning, LI Jian. Numerical simulation study on the influence of preheating temperature of natural gas on gas flow in high-temperature regenerative heating furnace[J]. Chemical Engineering & Equipment, 2010(8):27-29.
16	张雅楚. 进气参数对微燃烧室内甲烷/空气预混燃烧特性的影响[D]. 镇江: 江苏大学, 2018.
	ZHANG Yachu. Effect of inlet parameters on combustion characteristics of premixed CH₄ /air in micro combustors[D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University, 2018.
17	ZHOU Chongwen, LI Yang, ULTAN Burke, et al. An experimental and chemical kinetic modeling study of 1,3-butadiene combustion: ignition delay time and laminar flame speed measurements[J]. Combustion & Flame, 2018, 197: 423-438.
18	KEROMNES A, METCALFE W K, HEUFER K A, et al. An experimental and detailed chemical kinetic modeling study of hydrogen and syngas mixture oxidation at elevated pressures[J]. Combustion & Flame, 2013, 160(6): 995-1011.
19	METCALFE W K, BURKE Sinéad M, AHMED Syed S, et al. A hierarchical and comparative kinetic modeling study of C1-C2 hydrocarbon and oxygenated fuels[J]. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics, 2013, 45(10): 638-675.
20	SIVARAMAKRISHNAN R, MICHAEL J V. Rate constants for OH with selected large alkanes: shock-tube measurements and an improved group scheme[J]. J. Phys. Chem. A, 2009, 113(17): 5047-5060.
21	PICHON S, BLACK G, CHAUMEIX N, et al. The combustion chemistry of a fuel tracer: measured flame speeds and ignition delays and a detailed chemical kinetic model for the oxidation of acetone[J]. Combustion & Flame, 2009, 156(2): 494-504.
22	SOMERS K P, SIMMIE J M, GILLESPIE F, et al. A high temperature and atmospheric pressure experimental and detailed chemical kinetic modelling study of 2-methyl furan oxidation[J]. Proc. Combust. Inst., 2013, 34(1): 225-232.
23	SOMERS K P, SIMMIE J M, GILLESPIE F, et al. A comprehensive experimental and detailed chemical kinetic modelling study of 2,5-dimethylfuran pyrolysis and oxidation[J]. Combustion & Flame, 2013, 160(11): 2291-2318.
24	HOARE D E, LI T M. The combustion of simple ketones Ⅰ—Mechanism at ‘low’ temperatures[J]. Combustion & Flame, 1968, 12(2): 136-144.
25	SATO K, HIDAKA Y. Shock-tube and modeling study of acetone pyrolysis and oxidation[J]. Pyrolysis and Oxidation, 2000, 122(3): 291-311.
26	CAPELIN B C, INGRAM G, KOKOLIS J. The pyrolytic identification of organic molecules Ⅱ: A quantitative evaluation[J]. Microchemical Journal, 1974, 19(3): 229-252.
27	CHONG C T, HOCHGREB S. Measurements of laminar flame speeds of acetone/methane/air mixtures[J]. Combustion & Flame, 2011, 158(3): 490-500.
28	张青云, 浅谈有机废气的净化治理与回收[J]. 科技创新导报, 2011(31): 148.
	ZHANG Qingyun. The purification and recovery of organic waste gas[J]. Science and Technology Innovation Guide, 2011(31): 148.
29	GIBBS G J, CALCOTE H F. Effect of molecular structure on burning velocity[J]. Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data, 1959, 4(3): 226-237.
30	张志远, 黄佐华, 郑建军, 等. 高温高压条件下乙醇-空气-稀释气预混合气层流燃烧特性研究[J]. 内燃机学报, 2010, 28(2): 11-16.
	ZHANG Zhiyuan, HUANG Zuohua, ZHENG Jianjun, et al. Study on premixed laminar combustion characteristics of ethanol-air-diluted mixtures at elevated pressures and temperatures[J]. Transactions of CSICE, 2010, 28(2): 11-16.
31	廖世勇, 井明科, 程前, 等. 乙醇-空气预混层流火焰特性的试验研究[J]. 内燃机学报, 2007, 25(5): 469-474.
	LIAO Shiyong, JING Mingke, CHENG Qian, et al. Experimental study on the premixed laminar flames for ethanol-air mixtures [J]. Transactions of CSICE, 2007, 25(5): 469-474.
32	常铭, 苗海燕, 路林, 等. 初始温度/压力对天然气层流燃烧速率的影响[J]. 燃烧科学与技术, 2010,16(4): 309-316.
	CHANG Ming, MIAO Haiyan, LU Lin, et al. Effect of initial temperature/pressure on laminar burning velocity of natural gas[J]. Journal of Combustion Science and Technology, 2010, 16(4): 309-316.
33	周镇. 合成气层流预混火焰燃烧特性实验与数值研究[D]. 北京: 中国科学院研究生院（工程热物理研究所）, 2013.
	ZHOU Zhen. Experimental and numerical investigation on laminar combustion characteristics of premixed syn-gas flame[D]. Beijing: Graduate School of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2013.

[1]	葛亚粉, 孙宇, 肖鹏, 刘琦, 刘波, 孙成蓥, 巩雁军. 分子筛去除VOCs的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(9): 4716-4730.
[2]	王科菊, 赵成, 胡晓玫, 云军阁, 魏凝涵, 姜雪迎, 邹昀, 陈志航. 金属氧化物低温催化氧化VOCs的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(5): 2402-2412.
[3]	金鑫, 李玉姗, 解青青, 王梦雨, 夏星帆, 杨朝合. 多孔材料催化丙酮缩甘油合成研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 731-743.
[4]	刘培慧, 刘宇喆, 李琳, 王少辉, 王同华. 具有多级孔道结构的高比表面多孔炭活化策略及VOCs吸附性能[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(S1): 613-621.
[5]	杨福, 刘梦婷, 马淑兰, 魏祎暄, 欧锐, 王旭裕, 李露露, 张武翔, 潘建明. 挥发性有机化合物催化消除前沿技术及研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(9): 4801-4812.
[6]	韩徳琳, 李丹, 王天天, 张海, 张扬, 王随林. 位移钝体稳燃的旋流预混燃烧污染物生成特性[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(6): 2915-2923.
[7]	刘星园, 张永锋, 肖凯, 高境泽. 分子筛材料在VOCs吸附中的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(5): 2504-2510.
[8]	杜佳辉, 刘佳, 杨菊平, 祁弘毅, 窦晓娜, 李坚. 生物法联合工艺治理VOCs的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(5): 2802-2812.
[9]	柯义虎, 李景云, 刘春玲, 董文生, 刘海. Zn(Al)O复合氧化物负载Au催化剂催化氧化甘油制备1,3-二羟基丙酮[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(5): 2581-2592.
[10]	王旭, 吴玉帅, 杨欣, 陈汇勇, 张建波, 马晓迅. 沸石分子筛用于VOCs吸附脱除的应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(5): 2813-2826.
[11]	蔡的, 李树峰, 司志豪, 秦培勇, 谭天伟. 生物丁醇分离技术的研究进展及发展趋势[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(3): 1161-1177.
[12]	隗晶慧, 冯勇超, 于庆君, 易红宏, 唐晓龙, 张媛媛, 孟宪政, 袁雨婷. 餐饮油烟中典型VOCs催化氧化研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(10): 5730-5746.
[13]	李晓斌, 陈颖, 胡程程, 陈祥迎, 李平, 黄先胜. 新型PVC辅助热稳定剂乙酰丙酮镁的制备及热稳定性能[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(04): 1862-1871.
[14]	罗邯予, 张婷婷. 含氯废气催化燃烧过程中氯物种的迁移与转化[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(S1): 102-107.
[15]	富敏霞, 祝铃钰, 贠军贤. 乳酸脱氢酶的分离纯化及其催化合成苯乳酸的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(12): 4814-4820.