废旧三元锂离子电池回收技术研究新进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1666

化工进展 ›› 2020, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (7): 2828-2840.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1666

废旧三元锂离子电池回收技术研究新进展

张英杰¹^,²(), 宁培超², 杨轩², 董鹏¹, 林艳¹(), 孟奇¹

^1.昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院，锂离子电池及材料制备技术国家地方联合工程实验室，云南省先进电池材料重点实验室，云南昆明 650093
^2.昆明理工大学材料科学与工程学院，锂离子电池及材料制备技术国家地方联合工程实验室，云南省先进电池材料重点实验室，云南昆明 650093

出版日期:2020-07-05 发布日期:2020-07-10
通讯作者: 林艳
作者简介:张英杰（1963—），女，博士，教授，研究方向为电化学储能。E-mail：zyjkmust@126.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1907901);国家自然科学基金(51404120);云南省教育厅科学研究基金(2020J0070);云南省应用基础研究计划(2018FB087);昆明理工大学分析测试基金(2018T20090166)

Research progress on the recycling technology of spent ternary lithium ion battery

Yingjie ZHANG¹^,²(), Peichao NING², Xuan YANG², Peng DONG¹, Yan LIN¹(), Qi MENG¹

^1.National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
^2.National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

Online:2020-07-05 Published:2020-07-10
Contact: Yan LIN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着锂离子电池产业的发展，退役三元锂离子电池带来的环境污染和资源浪费问题日益严重。数量庞大的废旧三元锂电池材料蕴含丰富的锂、镍、钴等有价元素，潜在资源量巨大，回收经济价值高，系统地开展废旧三元锂电池材料的回收及再生技术，将有助于防治废旧电池污染、缓解镍钴锂资源短缺压力，促进我国锂电池产业的良性发展。本文介绍了废旧三元锂离子电池中正极、负极材料、电解液回收的研究现状，主要包括正极材料的预处理、酸浸、碱浸出与材料再生、石墨和铜箔回收、电解液回收，着重介绍现阶段材料的制备方法和工艺，简要比较了各种工艺路线的优缺点，探讨了当前废旧三元锂离子电池回收存在的关键共性问题，并提出绿色环保、短流程、低成本、自动化的废旧三元锂离子电池回收利用发展思路。

关键词: 废旧锂离子电池, 三元正极材料, 回收, 选择性, 再生

Abstract:

With the rapid development of lithium-ion battery industry, the environmental pollution and resource waste caused by decommissioning ternary lithium-ion batteries are becoming more and more serious. Since the abundant spent ternary lithium battery materials are huge potential resources rich in valuable elements such as lithium, nickel and cobalt, the effort to recycle the spent ternary lithium battery materials is necessary, which helps to control the pollution of used batteries, alleviate the shortage of nickel-cobalt-lithium resources, and promote the sound development of China's lithium battery industry. This paper briefly introduces the research status of the recovery technologies of spent ternary lithium-ion batteries, mainly including the pretreatment of cathode materials, acid leaching, alkali leaching and material regeneration, graphite and copper foil recovery, and electrolyte recovery. The current material preparation methods are discussed, and the advantages and disadvantages of them are analyzed as well. Finally, the common problems of the current recycling of spent ternary lithium-ion batteries are analyzed and the development ideas of automation, environmental protection and low cost are proposed.

Key words: spent lithium-ion batteries, ternary cathode material, recovery, selectivity, regeneration

中图分类号:

TF11

张英杰, 宁培超, 杨轩, 董鹏, 林艳, 孟奇. 废旧三元锂离子电池回收技术研究新进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(7): 2828-2840.

Yingjie ZHANG, Peichao NING, Xuan YANG, Peng DONG, Yan LIN, Qi MENG. Research progress on the recycling technology of spent ternary lithium ion battery[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(7): 2828-2840.

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废旧三元锂离子电池回收技术研究新进展

Research progress on the recycling technology of spent ternary lithium ion battery

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