基于实验误差修正模型的闪蒸-双工质联合地热发电系统分析

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-0628

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

建立了闪蒸与双工质地热发电模型，以单位热水发电量最大化为优化目标，利用遗传算法对不同热源温度下的闪蒸压力、蒸发温度和冷凝压力等参数进行优化；并搭建闪蒸-双工质实验装置，测试了在100～150℃热源条件下发电系统在稳定运行工况下的流量、温度、压力和输出功率等参数，并利用测试数据对模型进行修正。结果表明，温度越高，闪蒸-双工质联合地热发电的单位热水发电量的增加量越大，系统适应高温热源的指标越好；误差修正模型ECM2和实验数据具有较好的吻合性，其闪蒸压力P₁₀、蒸发压力P₅和单位热水发电量Ne相对误差均不超过5%；对联合发电系统进行稳定性分析，表明当负载功率小于输出功率55%时系统的输出功率变化较大，当负载功率大于或等于输出功率时系统的输出功率保持不变。另外，对联合发电系统的各项?损分析表明，较低的等熵效率导致膨胀机?损占比最大，还可以进一步考虑优化冷凝器。得到的相关结论可以为我国西部地区中高温地热资源的开发和利用提供指导建议。

关键词: 地热发电, 闪蒸-双工质系统, 稳定性, 热力学, 模型

Abstract:

A model of flash-binary geothermal power generation was established. In order to maximize unit hot water power generation, genetic algorithm was used to optimize flash pressure, evaporation temperature and condensation pressure at different heat source temperatures. Under 100—150℃ heat source conditions, a flash-binary experimental device was built to test the flow rate, temperature, pressure and output power of the power generation system under stable operating conditions. The operation parameters and performance of flash-binary power system were analyzed based on four scenarios of experiment, optimum design, error correction model 1 and error correction model 2. The parameter stability of flash-binary power system was tested in the experiment with heat source temperature ranges from 100℃ to 150℃. The results showed that the simulation data of error correction model 2 have a good agreement with experiment and most values of relative error are less than 5%. The expander with low isotropic efficiency results in largest exergy losses in the flash-binary power system. The flash-binary power system has better performance to adapt the mid-high temperature geothermal resource in China. Some valuable data obtained from the research can be applied in the future power plant construction in China's southern Tibet, western Yunnan and Sichuan.

Key words: geothermal generation, flash-binary system, stability, thermodynamics, model

中图分类号:

TK529

尹洪梅,骆超,赵军,王永真,胡立凯. 基于实验误差修正模型的闪蒸-双工质联合地热发电系统分析[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(1): 56-64.

Hongmei YIN,Chao LUO,Jun ZHAO,Yongzhen WANG,Likai HU. Analysis of combined flash-binary geothermal power generation system based on experimental error correction model[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(1): 56-64.

图/表 15

参考文献 15

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设备名称	质量守恒	能量守恒
锅炉	m₉=m_source	m₉h₉=m_s5h_s5+W_boiler
闪蒸系统冷凝器		m₁₂(h₁₂-h₁₃)=m_C4(h_C5-h_C4)
汽水分离器	m₁₀=m₁₁+m_s1	m₁₀h₁₀=m₁₁h₁₁+m_s1h_s1
闪蒸系统膨胀机		m₁₁h₁₁=m₁₂h₁₂+W_flash
双工质冷凝器		m₈(h₇-h₈)=m_C2(h_C3-h_C2)
双工质泵		W_pump=m₈(h₁-h₈)
双工质蒸发器	m_s2=m_s1	m₃(h₄-h₃)=m_s2(h_s2-h_s3)
双工质预热器	m_s4=m_s2	m₁(h₂-h₁)=m_s4(h_s4-h_Cs5)
双工质膨胀机		m₅h₅=m₆h₆+W_binary

设备名称	质量守恒	能量守恒
锅炉	m₉=m_source	m₉h₉=m_s5h_s5+W_boiler
闪蒸系统冷凝器		m₁₂(h₁₂-h₁₃)=m_C4(h_C5-h_C4)
汽水分离器	m₁₀=m₁₁+m_s1	m₁₀h₁₀=m₁₁h₁₁+m_s1h_s1
闪蒸系统膨胀机		m₁₁h₁₁=m₁₂h₁₂+W_flash
双工质冷凝器		m₈(h₇-h₈)=m_C2(h_C3-h_C2)
双工质泵		W_pump=m₈(h₁-h₈)
双工质蒸发器	m_s2=m_s1	m₃(h₄-h₃)=m_s2(h_s2-h_s3)
双工质预热器	m_s4=m_s2	m₁(h₂-h₁)=m_s4(h_s4-h_Cs5)
双工质膨胀机		m₅h₅=m₆h₆+W_binary

实验/模型	热源温度/℃	闪蒸压力/bar	蒸发压力/bar	工质流量/kg·s^-1	冷凝温度/℃	冷却端差/℃	双工质汽轮机效率	闪蒸汽轮机效率
Exp	100~150	实测	实测	实测	实测	—	—	—
OD	100~150	优化	优化	实测	25	8	0.8	0.8
ECM1	100~150	实测	实测	实测	实测	4	0.8	0.8
ECM2	100~150	实测	实测	实测	实测	4	0.25	0.11

实验/模型	热源温度/℃	闪蒸压力/bar	蒸发压力/bar	工质流量/kg·s^-1	冷凝温度/℃	冷却端差/℃	双工质汽轮机效率	闪蒸汽轮机效率
Exp	100~150	实测	实测	实测	实测	—	—	—
OD	100~150	优化	优化	实测	25	8	0.8	0.8
ECM1	100~150	实测	实测	实测	实测	4	0.8	0.8
ECM2	100~150	实测	实测	实测	实测	4	0.25	0.11

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