CaCl2-LiNO3/H2O三元工质对的热物性及应用

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0419

化工进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (12): 4625-4637.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-0419

CaCl₂-LiNO₃/H₂O三元工质对的热物性及应用

李娜¹, 李艺群¹, 罗春欢^1,2, 苏庆泉^1,2

1 北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院, 北京 100083;
2 北京科技大学冶金工业节能减排北京市重点实验室, 北京 100083

收稿日期:2018-02-28 修回日期:2018-04-06 出版日期:2018-12-05 发布日期:2018-12-05
通讯作者: 苏庆泉,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为基于热泵循环及化学链燃烧的节能与减排技术。
作者简介:李娜(1986-),女,博士研究生,研究方向为太阳能吸收式制冷。E-mail:263603082@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划（2016YFC0400408）、国家自然科学基金（51506005）、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（FRF-BD-16-009A）项目。

Thermophysical properties and application of CaCl₂-LiNO₃/H₂O ternary working fluid

LI Na¹, LI Yiqun¹, LUO Chunhuan^1,2, SU Qingquan^1,2

1 School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China;
2 Beijing Key Laboratory for Energy Saving and Emission Reduction of Metallurgical Industry, University of Science and Technoligy Beijing, Beijng 100083, China

Received:2018-02-28 Revised:2018-04-06 Online:2018-12-05 Published:2018-12-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 围绕以LiBr/H₂O为工质对的单级太阳能吸收式制冷循环因对太阳能集热温度要求高而难以实现产业化工程应用的问题，本文提出了一个创新性的技术途径。即以改变工质对的吸收特性为切入点，探索具有优于LiBr/H₂O的制冷吸收特性的新工质对。研究发现，CaCl₂/H₂O溶液具有良好的制冷吸收特性，并从利用CaCl₂/H₂O的制冷吸收特性出发，筛选出了制冷吸收特性明显优于LiBr/H₂O、以廉价CaCl₂为主成分的新工质对，即CaCl₂-LiNO₃（1.8：1）/H₂O。系统地测定了其结晶温度、饱和蒸气压、密度、黏度、比热容和比焓，并与LiBr/H₂O进行了比较。结果表明，采用CaCl₂-LiNO₃（1.8：1）/H₂O作为单级太阳能吸收式制冷循环的工质对时，在同一制冷工况条件下，其发生温度亦即太阳能集热温度比采用LiBr/H₂O的情况低6.9℃，且浓溶液的结晶温度为5.0℃，比发生器温度低69.1℃，比吸收器温度低32.0℃，因而运行时不会出现结晶问题。另外，采用浸泡失重法测定了Q235碳钢和T6紫铜在CaCl₂-LiNO₃（1.8：1）/H₂O中的腐蚀速率，并与LiBr/H₂O的情况进行了比较，结果表明其腐蚀性较低，可满足实际工程应用的要求。

关键词: 太阳能, 吸收式制冷, 工质对, 结晶温度, 饱和蒸气压

Abstract: An innovative technical approach has been proposed to solve the problem that a single-stage absorption refrigeration cycle using LiBr/H₂O is hardly driven by the solar energy collected with flat plate collectors or vacuum glass tube collectors, due to the required solar collecting temperature being too high. From the point of changing the absorption characteristics of working pairs, this approach is to explore some new working pairs, the refrigeration absorption characteristics of which are superior to LiBr/H₂O. In this paper, through experimental research, it was found that CaCl₂/H₂O has a good refrigeration absorption characteristic. Based on the refrigeration absorption characteristic of CaCl₂/H₂O, a new working pair having the better refrigeration absorption characteristics than that of LiBr/H₂O, the cheap CaCl₂, as their main component, had been selected, which was the CaCl₂-LiNO₃(1.8:1)/H₂O. The crystallization temperature,saturated vapor pressure,density,viscosity,specific heat capacity, and specific enthalpy of this working pair were systematically measured. The results showed that under the same refrigeration conditions,the required solar collector temperature or the generation temperature of CaCl₂-LiNO₃(1.8:1)/H₂O for a single-stage absorption refrigeration cycle was 6.9℃lower than that of LiBr/H₂O. Meanwhile,the crystallization temperature of the concentrated solution was 5.0℃, which was 69.1℃ lower than the generation temperature and 32.0℃lower than the absorption temperature. In addition,the corrosion rates of the carbon steel and copper in CaCl₂-LiNO₃(1.8:1)/H₂O solutions were measured with a weight loss method,and the results showed that the corrosion rates were low enough for practical applications.

Key words: solar energy, absorption refrigeration, working pair, crystallization temperature, saturated vapor pressure

中图分类号:

TB61⁺6

李娜, 李艺群, 罗春欢, 苏庆泉. CaCl₂-LiNO₃/H₂O三元工质对的热物性及应用[J]. 化工进展, 2018, 37(12): 4625-4637.

LI Na, LI Yiqun, LUO Chunhuan, SU Qingquan. Thermophysical properties and application of CaCl₂-LiNO₃/H₂O ternary working fluid[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2018, 37(12): 4625-4637.

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CaCl₂-LiNO₃/H₂O三元工质对的热物性及应用

Thermophysical properties and application of CaCl₂-LiNO₃/H₂O ternary working fluid

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