如何工程化生物学

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.06.024

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着化学学科的发展和应用需求,化学工程应运而生;随着生物学的发展和工程化需求,代表着“生物学第三次革命”的合成生物学也随之诞生。合成生物学,即生物学的工程化,它从工程学角度设计创建元件、器件或模块,以及通过这些元器件改造和优化现有自然生物体系,但是如何对复杂生命进行工程化一直是合成生物学工作者不断探索的重大科学问题。本文系统地阐释了迄今为止工程化生物学的4个特点:①模块化和标准化;②正交性;③鲁棒性;④适配性及其对应研究进展。最后从“设计-构建-测试”循环的研究模式入手提出了今后如何进一步有效地工程化生物学。

关键词: 合成生物学, 模块化, 正交性, 鲁棒性, 适配性, “设计-构建-检测”循环

Abstract: With the development and application of chemistry,chemical engineering arises at the historic moment. Similarly,with the development of biology and engineering requirement,synthetic biology,known as“the third revolutions of biology”,was born. Synthetic biology is the engineering of biology. From the point of view of engineering,it designs and creates parts,devices or modules,and employs them to modify and optimization of existing natural biological system,but how to engineer complex life system is the key scientific problem which synthetic biology researchers have long been exploring. In this paper,the main four characteristics of engineering biology are systematically illustrated:①modularization and standardization;②orthogonality;③robustness;④compatibility,as well as the corresponding research progress. Finally,from the point of view of“Design-Build -Test”cycle,proposals for how to further engineer biology in the future are addressed.

Key words: synthetic biology, modularization, orthogonality, robustness, compatibility, “design-bulid-test”cycle

中图分类号:

TQ033

肖文海, 周嗣杰, 王颖, 元英进. 如何工程化生物学[J]. 化工进展, 2016, 35(06): 1827-1836.

XIAO Wenhai, ZHOU Sijie, WANG Ying, YUAN Yingjin. How to make biology more “engineering”[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2016, 35(06): 1827-1836.

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