Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress ›› 2021, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (4): 2175-2187.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0973
• Materials science and technology • Previous Articles Next Articles
ZHANG Wenlin(), LIU Xuejiao, MA Qingcha, YANG Shuangcheng, ZHANG Yongkang, LI Chunli
Received:
2020-06-01
Online:
2021-04-14
Published:
2021-04-05
Contact:
ZHANG Wenlin
张文林(), 刘雪娇, 马青查, 杨双丞, 张永康, 李春利
通讯作者:
张文林
作者简介:
张文林(1968—),男,博士,教授,主要从事分离与纯化技术以及绿色化工方面的研究。E-mail:基金资助:
CLC Number:
ZHANG Wenlin, LIU Xuejiao, MA Qingcha, YANG Shuangcheng, ZHANG Yongkang, LI Chunli. Application of NCM electrolyte for nickel-rich lithium ion battery[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(4): 2175-2187.
张文林, 刘雪娇, 马青查, 杨双丞, 张永康, 李春利. 高镍锂离子电池三元材料NCM电解质的应用[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(4): 2175-2187.
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URL: https://hgjz.cip.com.cn/EN/10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0973
组成 | 作用(功能) | 要求 | 常见类型 |
---|---|---|---|
锂盐 | 为电解质提供Li+,影响电解质的物理化学性能 | 具备低解离能和较高的溶解度 具备较好的稳定性 具备良好的SEI成膜性能 价格低廉,无毒无公害 | LiBF4、LiPF6、LiTFSI |
溶剂 | 提供电解质环境,溶解锂盐,促使电解质具备较高电导率 | 化学性能稳定 黏度低,介电常数高 熔点低 安全性好,毒性低 | H2O、EC、DMC、DEC、EMC、咪唑类、 哌啶类、吡咯类、PEO、PVDF、PVC |
添加剂 | 针对性地改善电解质的电化学性能,提高电解质的利用率 | 较少用量即能改善电解质性能 不对LIBs性能造成负面影响 价格较低 无毒或毒性较小 | VC、PS、SN、ILs添加剂 |
组成 | 作用(功能) | 要求 | 常见类型 |
---|---|---|---|
锂盐 | 为电解质提供Li+,影响电解质的物理化学性能 | 具备低解离能和较高的溶解度 具备较好的稳定性 具备良好的SEI成膜性能 价格低廉,无毒无公害 | LiBF4、LiPF6、LiTFSI |
溶剂 | 提供电解质环境,溶解锂盐,促使电解质具备较高电导率 | 化学性能稳定 黏度低,介电常数高 熔点低 安全性好,毒性低 | H2O、EC、DMC、DEC、EMC、咪唑类、 哌啶类、吡咯类、PEO、PVDF、PVC |
添加剂 | 针对性地改善电解质的电化学性能,提高电解质的利用率 | 较少用量即能改善电解质性能 不对LIBs性能造成负面影响 价格较低 无毒或毒性较小 | VC、PS、SN、ILs添加剂 |
类别 | 优势 | 弊端 |
---|---|---|
有机液体电解质(含添加剂) | 成本低,流动性好,电导率高,电极成膜性好,在NCM电池中具有较高的放电比容量 | 易燃,安全性低 |
固体电解质 | 具有较高的机械稳定性,安全不易燃,能有效稳定NCM电极结构 | 离子电导率低,电化学窗口较低,不利于高压NCM材料电池循环 |
纯离子液体电解质 | 电化学稳定性和热稳定性好,不易燃,电化学窗口宽,离子电导率较高 | 黏度大,与NCM电极润湿性差,循环能力弱,ILs成本高 |
离子液体-有机溶剂混合电解质 | 安全稳定性较高,黏度较低,与NCM电极相容性好,循环性高 | ILs成本高 |
类别 | 优势 | 弊端 |
---|---|---|
有机液体电解质(含添加剂) | 成本低,流动性好,电导率高,电极成膜性好,在NCM电池中具有较高的放电比容量 | 易燃,安全性低 |
固体电解质 | 具有较高的机械稳定性,安全不易燃,能有效稳定NCM电极结构 | 离子电导率低,电化学窗口较低,不利于高压NCM材料电池循环 |
纯离子液体电解质 | 电化学稳定性和热稳定性好,不易燃,电化学窗口宽,离子电导率较高 | 黏度大,与NCM电极润湿性差,循环能力弱,ILs成本高 |
离子液体-有机溶剂混合电解质 | 安全稳定性较高,黏度较低,与NCM电极相容性好,循环性高 | ILs成本高 |
类别 | 电导率 /mS·cm-1 | 电化学窗口(vs.Li/Li+) /V | 首次充放电循环(0.1C) /mA·h·g-1 | 界面阻抗(100圈循环后) /Ω |
---|---|---|---|---|
有机液体电解质(含添加剂) | 9.3 | 5.0 | 186.8 | 58.3 |
固体电解质 | 0.6 | 3.2 | 144.3 | 37.6 |
纯离子液体电解质 | 1.4 | 7.0 | 146.6 | 38.2 |
离子液体-有机溶剂混合电解质 | 9.8 | 5.6 | 190.6 | 32.9 |
类别 | 电导率 /mS·cm-1 | 电化学窗口(vs.Li/Li+) /V | 首次充放电循环(0.1C) /mA·h·g-1 | 界面阻抗(100圈循环后) /Ω |
---|---|---|---|---|
有机液体电解质(含添加剂) | 9.3 | 5.0 | 186.8 | 58.3 |
固体电解质 | 0.6 | 3.2 | 144.3 | 37.6 |
纯离子液体电解质 | 1.4 | 7.0 | 146.6 | 38.2 |
离子液体-有机溶剂混合电解质 | 9.8 | 5.6 | 190.6 | 32.9 |
分子名称 | 分子结构 | HOMO/eV | LOMO/eV |
---|---|---|---|
EC | -8.468 | -0.604 | |
DEC | -8.055 | -0.268 | |
DMC | -8.179 | -0.370 | |
EMC | -8.133 | -0.256 |
分子名称 | 分子结构 | HOMO/eV | LOMO/eV |
---|---|---|---|
EC | -8.468 | -0.604 | |
DEC | -8.055 | -0.268 | |
DMC | -8.179 | -0.370 | |
EMC | -8.133 | -0.256 |
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