Abstract:

Wood has developed pore structure and good mechanical properties. The electrode and electrolyte materials prepared from wood have excellent electrochemical properties, which has become a research hotspot. In this paper, the research progress of wood in the field of electrochemistry in recent years was reviewed, with emphasis on the preparation methods of wood-based electrode and electrolyte materials and their applications in electrochemical sensors, supercapacitors and batteries. The mechanism of wood improving the electrochemical properties of electrode and electrolyte materials is analyzed. It is pointed out that the developed pore structure of wood can effectively adsorb and transport electrolyte ions, which is the key to endow the materials with excellent electrochemical properties. Finally, the problems existing in the application of wood in the field of electrochemistry are summarized, and it is proposed that we should deepen the design and research of wood pore structure and pore morphology, make efficient use of wood microstructure and enrich wood modification schemes in the future.

Key words: wood, biomass, electrochemistry, electrochemical sensor, supercapacitor, battery, electrodes, electrolytes

摘要：

木材具有发达的孔道结构和良好的机械性能，用木材制备的电极和电解质材料具备优异的电化学性能，成为了当下的研究热点。本文综述了近年来木材在电化学领域的研究进展，着重介绍了木材基电极和电解质材料的制备方法以及在电化学传感器、超级电容器和电池中的应用情况；分析了木材提高电极和电解质材料电化学性能的机理，指出木材发达的孔道结构能够有效吸附和传输电解质离子，是赋予材料优异电化学性能的关键。最后总结了木材在电化学领域中应用存在的问题，提出今后应加深对木材孔结构、孔形貌的设计和研究，高效利用木材的微观结构，丰富木材的改性方案。

关键词: 木材, 生物质, 电化学, 电化学传感器, 超级电容器, 电池, 电极, 电解质