Abstract:

Atmospheric and vacuum equipment is an important part of refining and chemical enterprises. With the development of science and technology, more and more enterprises have begun to use the sideline of primary distillation towers to increase the production of aviation coal. A refinery chemical company’s 3^# atmospheric and vacuum unit has processed mixed crude oil at 8.0Mt/a. The process simulation and operation optimization of the unit are performed through Aspen Plus. The optimal extraction position of the side line of the initial distillation column is determined to be the 22nd tray. The extraction volume is 16t/h, and the best heat extraction ratio of atmospheric tower is the top of the tower + top cycle∶one middle∶two middle=0.387∶0.233∶0.380. The result not only will increase the heat extraction rate of 8.11GJ/h in Changzhong, providing favorable conditions for subsequent optimization of the heat exchange network, but also increase the production of aviation coal by 16t/h on the basis of ensuring the quality of each sideline product, and the extraction of the atmospheric tower. The output rate has also increased from 35.5% to 36.3%. It shows that based on the optimization of heat extraction in the middle section of the atmospheric tower, the effect of increasing the output of jet coal by using the sideline of the initial distillation tower is obvious, and the extraction rate of the atmospheric tower will also rise. And with the rapid development of Chinese aerospace industry, the market demand for aviation coal is on the rise. Therefore, it has great practical significance for the use of the side line of the primary distillation column.

Key words: petroleum, distillation, simulation, global optimization

摘要：

常减压装置是炼化企业的重要组成部分，随着科学技术的发展，越来越多的企业开始投用初馏塔侧线以达到增产航煤的目的。某炼化企业3^#常减压装置加工混合原油8.0Mt/a，通过Aspen Plus进行装置的流程模拟及操作优化，确定了初馏塔侧线最佳抽出位置为第22块塔板，抽出量为16t/h，常压塔最佳取热比为塔顶+顶循∶一中∶二中=0.387∶0.233∶0.380。结果不仅使常二中增加取热8.11GJ/h，为后续换热网络优化提供了有利的条件，而且还在保证各侧线产品质量合格的基础上增产航煤16t/h，常压塔的拔出率也从35.5%提高到了36.3%。说明了常压塔在中段取热优化基础上，投用初馏塔侧线对航煤的增产效果较为明显，常压塔的拔出率也会增加。并且随着我国航空航天事业的飞速发展，市场对航煤的需求量日益提高。因此对于初馏塔侧线的投用具有很大的现实意义。

关键词: 石油, 蒸馏, 模拟, 整体优化