Abstract:

Electrodialysis is a mass separation process in which ion exchange membranes and electrical potential difference are used to separate ionic species from aqueous solution and other uncharged components. This separation technology possesses the advantages of strong adaptability, simple pretreatment of feed, low energy consumption and little environmental pollution, which make it widely applied in separation and purification processes of chemical and biological industries. This review covers six mass transfer models used in the description of mass transportation phenomena and summarizes the advantages and problems of these models. It is pointed out in this paper that the main limitation for further improvement of electrodialysis technology is that it is troublesome to theoretically or experimentally study the electrodialysis process that includes a number of complex phenomena such as mass transportation, concentration polarization, fluid flow behavior and electrolyte-membrane equilibrium. Mass transfer modeling of electrodialysis, which is favorable to deeply study mass transfer mechanism for accurate performance prediction and target-oriented process optimization, provides an effective strategy to study the separation process of electrodialysis. Moreover, the research direction is optimization of mass transfer models by combining empirical equations or transfer coefficients, and simulation of electrodialysis process with modeling tools, aiming to improve the accuracy and universality of mass transfer models.

Key words: electrodialysis, model, mass transfer, separation, simulation

摘要：

电渗析是一种利用离子交换膜和电势差从溶液及其他不带电组分中分离出离子的物质分离过程，该技术具有适应性强、预处理简单、能耗低、环境污染小等优点，被广泛应用于化工、生物等领域的分离纯化过程。本文主要介绍了用于电渗析分离过程的6种传质模型，总结了各模型的优势及存在的问题，指出限制电渗析技术进一步发展的主要原因是对包含物质传递、浓差极化、流体流动行为、电解质溶液-膜平衡等复杂现象的电渗析过程进行理论和实验研究难度大，而传质模型化为电渗析分离过程的物质传递研究提供了一条有效途径，有助于深入研究电渗析过程中物质的传递机理，准确预测分离性能并导向性优化电渗析结构设计和操作工艺。并且提出未来电渗析传质模型的研究方向是结合经验方程或传质系数进一步优化传质模型，并采用仿真工具模拟传质过程，提高模型的准确性和普适性。

关键词: 电渗析, 模型, 传质, 分离, 模拟