Production and antioxidant activities of carotenoids from Rhodopseudomonas palustris

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-2242

Abstract

Abstract:

Carotenoids are widely used as fat-soluble natural pigments and antioxidants. Here we chose Rhodopseudomonas palustris, a typical purple nonsulfur photosynthetic bacteria, to produce carotenoids under photo-anaerobic conditions. The effects of culture conditions such as organic acid types, salt concentration and light intensity on the cell growth, carotenoid content and composition were studied, and the antioxidant activities of carotenoids were also explored. The results showed that lactic acid as carbon source produced the highest biomass and carotenoid content among the eight organic acids tested. The optimum light intensity (500lx) for carotenoid content was lower than that required for the growth of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (2000lx). High salt concentration promoted the synthesis of carotenoids, and the optimum concentration (7.5g/L) was three times that required for its growth. Under optimized conditions, the carotenoid content reached 15.35mg/L. Six kinds of carotenoids were detected, and the composition was greatly affected by the culture conditions. High salt concentration and strong light favored the synthesis of 3,4-didehydrorhodopin, which might be a mechanism for photosynthetic bacteria to adapt to environmental stress. The antioxidant activity test and data analysis showed that antioxidant activities of the produced carotenoids highly depended on their composition, and OH-spirilloxanthin and 3,4-didehydrorhodopin showed strong antioxidant activities.

Key words: photosynthetic bacteria, carotenoid, antioxidant activity, organic acids

摘要：

类胡萝卜素是一种应用广泛的脂溶性天然色素和抗氧化剂。本文以一株典型的紫色非硫光合细菌——沼泽红假单胞菌（Rhodopseudomonas palustris）为实验对象，研究了光照厌氧体系下有机酸碳源种类、盐浓度和光照强度等培养条件对其生长和产类胡萝卜素量及组成的影响，并探究了类胡萝卜素的抗氧化性。研究结果表明：在实验的8种有机酸中，以乳酸为碳源可获得最高生物量以及类胡萝卜素含量；产类胡萝卜素最适光照强度（500lx）低于该菌生长所需（2000lx）；高盐浓度（7.5g/L）可促进该菌合成类胡萝卜素，是其生长所需最佳盐浓度的三倍。在优化后的培养条件下，该沼泽红假单胞菌类胡萝卜素含量可达15.35mg/L。所产类胡萝卜素由6种组成，培养条件对其组成有明显影响，高盐浓度和强光照会促进3,4-脱氢玫红品（3,4-didehydrorhodopin）的合成，可能是光合细菌应对环境压力的一种机制。抗氧化性分析和数据拟合表明不同组成的类胡萝卜素抗氧化能力差异显著，经基螺菌黄素和3,4-脱氢玫红品的抗氧化能力最强。

关键词: 光合细菌, 类胡萝卜素, 抗氧化活性, 有机酸

CLC Number:

Q936

LI Nannan, PENG Siyu, YAN Hai, YIN Chunhua. Production and antioxidant activities of carotenoids from Rhodopseudomonas palustris[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(11): 5891-5899.

李南楠, 彭思雨, 闫海, 尹春华. 沼泽红假单胞菌产类胡萝卜素及抗氧化性[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(11): 5891-5899.

Figures/Tables 13

References 44

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名称	化学式	特征吸收峰/nm		保留时间/min	分子量[MH⁺]
名称	化学式	实测值	文献值^[24]	保留时间/min	实测值	理论值^[25]
番茄红素^①	C₄₀H₅₆	446 472 503	446 472 502	23.01	537.45	537.44
玫红品	C₄₀H₅₈O	445 471 502	442 471 502	11.96	555.46	555.45
3,4-脱氢玫红品	C₄₀H₅₆O	457 483 516	454 482 515	11.20	553.44	553.43
脱水紫菌红醇	C₄₁H₅₈O	457 482 516	457 482 514	16.20	567.46	567.45
紫菌红醇	C₄₁H₆₀O₂	455 483 515	457 483 515	8.47	585.47	585.46
经基螺菌黄素	C₄₁H₅₈O₂	466 493 527	461 493 525	7.93	583.45	583.44

名称	化学式	特征吸收峰/nm		保留时间/min	分子量[MH⁺]
名称	化学式	实测值	文献值^[24]	保留时间/min	实测值	理论值^[25]
番茄红素^①	C₄₀H₅₆	446 472 503	446 472 502	23.01	537.45	537.44
玫红品	C₄₀H₅₈O	445 471 502	442 471 502	11.96	555.46	555.45
3,4-脱氢玫红品	C₄₀H₅₆O	457 483 516	454 482 515	11.20	553.44	553.43
脱水紫菌红醇	C₄₁H₅₈O	457 482 516	457 482 514	16.20	567.46	567.45
紫菌红醇	C₄₁H₆₀O₂	455 483 515	457 483 515	8.47	585.47	585.46
经基螺菌黄素	C₄₁H₅₈O₂	466 493 527	461 493 525	7.93	583.45	583.44

实验组样品	羟基螺菌黄素	紫菌红醇	3,4-脱氢玫红品	玫红品	脱水紫菌红醇	番茄红素	DPPH自由基清除率/%	还原铁离子能力/μmol	ABTS自由基清除率/%	菌体总类胡萝卜素含量/mg·L^-1
1	3.5	0	76.54	16.99	1.86	1.11	38.85	46.64	43.68	5.49
2	4.65	8.43	47.12	36.27	0.94	2.59	38.9	41.18	42.28	7.19
3	8.22	4.14	61.25	24.08	1	1.31	39.16	47.04	42.48	2.36
4	1.4	4.76	35.96	45.37	5.24	7.27	37.16	38.73	35.35	12.02
5	3.54	8.69	38.91	44.35	2.43	2.08	35.86	42.05	37.85	4.55
6	4.93	4.74	50.36	33.77	2.53	3.67	38.1	42.29	41.3	10.14
7	6.18	5.85	54.1	30.16	1.98	1.74	39.66	46.75	41.93	1.17
8	4.63	5.28	44.77	37.82	3.8	3.69	40.43	40.81	41.73	1.93
9	4.22	8.07	29.36	49.56	5.73	3.06	34.65	34.61	38.62	7.36
10	3.53	6.63	30.21	47.75	6.32	5.55	35.76	42.43	36.47	7.26
11	4.35	4.67	34.53	43.61	4.62	8.23	35.7	39.21	40.48	1.29
12	4.02	5.76	42.43	35.32	5.07	7.4	35.44	40.52	38.86	1.09
13	3.88	3.65	52.1	27.64	4.87	7.86	39.98	41.69	40.91	0.52
14	1.4	4.76	35.96	45.37	5.24	7.26	33.17	36.73	36.35	12.92
15	3.12	6.63	32.21	45.75	6.32	5.97	33.44	37.1	37.07	15.35
16	2.56	6.48	32.7	43.66	5.93	8.66	33.52	37.94	37.07	14.58
17	3.11	6.3	36.41	42.55	4.21	7.42	34.55	38.98	37.65	13.94
18	2.8	6.29	36.49	41.07	5.14	8.21	34.46	38.77	37.9	12.92
19	5.05	8.07	36.33	38.86	5.16	6.54	35.83	40.12	39.67	9.78
20	3.16	6.48	38.15	38.83	5.6	7.78	36.08	41.24	40.45	9.30

实验组样品	羟基螺菌黄素	紫菌红醇	3,4-脱氢玫红品	玫红品	脱水紫菌红醇	番茄红素	DPPH自由基清除率/%	还原铁离子能力/μmol	ABTS自由基清除率/%	菌体总类胡萝卜素含量/mg·L^-1
1	3.5	0	76.54	16.99	1.86	1.11	38.85	46.64	43.68	5.49
2	4.65	8.43	47.12	36.27	0.94	2.59	38.9	41.18	42.28	7.19
3	8.22	4.14	61.25	24.08	1	1.31	39.16	47.04	42.48	2.36
4	1.4	4.76	35.96	45.37	5.24	7.27	37.16	38.73	35.35	12.02
5	3.54	8.69	38.91	44.35	2.43	2.08	35.86	42.05	37.85	4.55
6	4.93	4.74	50.36	33.77	2.53	3.67	38.1	42.29	41.3	10.14
7	6.18	5.85	54.1	30.16	1.98	1.74	39.66	46.75	41.93	1.17
8	4.63	5.28	44.77	37.82	3.8	3.69	40.43	40.81	41.73	1.93
9	4.22	8.07	29.36	49.56	5.73	3.06	34.65	34.61	38.62	7.36
10	3.53	6.63	30.21	47.75	6.32	5.55	35.76	42.43	36.47	7.26
11	4.35	4.67	34.53	43.61	4.62	8.23	35.7	39.21	40.48	1.29
12	4.02	5.76	42.43	35.32	5.07	7.4	35.44	40.52	38.86	1.09
13	3.88	3.65	52.1	27.64	4.87	7.86	39.98	41.69	40.91	0.52
14	1.4	4.76	35.96	45.37	5.24	7.26	33.17	36.73	36.35	12.92
15	3.12	6.63	32.21	45.75	6.32	5.97	33.44	37.1	37.07	15.35
16	2.56	6.48	32.7	43.66	5.93	8.66	33.52	37.94	37.07	14.58
17	3.11	6.3	36.41	42.55	4.21	7.42	34.55	38.98	37.65	13.94
18	2.8	6.29	36.49	41.07	5.14	8.21	34.46	38.77	37.9	12.92
19	5.05	8.07	36.33	38.86	5.16	6.54	35.83	40.12	39.67	9.78
20	3.16	6.48	38.15	38.83	5.6	7.78	36.08	41.24	40.45	9.30

抗氧化性测定方法	R²	类胡萝卜素组分抗氧化系数
抗氧化性测定方法	R²	羟基螺菌黄素	3,4-脱氢玫红品	紫菌红醇	番茄红素	玫红品	脱水紫菌红醇
DPPH	0.998	0.696	0.416	0.330	0.323	0.311	0.143
FRAP	0.998	0.861	0.498	0.432	0.333	0.289	0.219
ABTS	0.999	0.913	0.445	0.491	0.425	0.282	0.243