Abstract:

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as new functional materials were widely used to remove pollutants due to their excellent adsorption and catalytic performances. In this study, the clustering data analysis over the past decade were conducted based on keyword retrievals. The preparation of LDHs as well as modification methods were introduced. The application in environment treatment and remediation was summarized. The modification of LDHs was studied to enhance the adsorption and catalytic performances of LDHs, thus increasing their adaptability and expanding their application. Specifically, the removal and degradation mechanisms of organic pollutants, including dyes and antibiotics by LDHs in dye, pharmaceutical and poultry wastewater were discussed in detail. The influence factors on the removal of heavy metals from mining and smelting wastewater by LDHs were analyzed. The treatment of nitrogen and phosphorus in eutrophic water body were summarized. In addition, the application of LDHs in farmland soil remediation and CO₂ capture with recycling was clarified. This paper made a comprehensive summary of the application of LDHs in the field of environment, and pointed out the limitations and challenges of LDHs research, providing direction and ideas for future research.

Key words: layered double hydroxides (LDHs), wastewater treatment, water restoration, soil remediation, CO₂ capture

摘要：

层状双氢氧化物（layered double hydroxides，LDHs）具有优良的吸附与催化性能。作为一种近年来被环境领域密切关注的新型功能材料，LDHs被广泛应用于去除环境中的各种污染物。本文基于对过去十几年的文献与报道进行了聚类数据分析，介绍了LDHs的制备与改性方法，总结了LDHs在环境领域中的应用。基于LDHs优异的性能，针对污染场景对LDHs进行功能改性，能够实现对特定污染物的去除，解决相应的环境问题。本文详细阐述了LDHs对染料废水、畜禽养殖和制药废水中的染料、抗生素等有机污染物的吸附和降解机制，并探讨了LDHs对采选冶废水中重金属的去除机制以及富营养化水体中氮、磷的治理，展望了LDHs在农田修复和二氧化碳捕集与资源化领域中的应用。本文为LDHs在环境领域中的应用作出较全面的总结，同时指出了LDHs研究目前存在的局限与挑战，为未来研究提供方向与思路。

关键词: 层状双氢氧化物, 废水治理, 水体修复, 土壤修复, 二氧化碳捕集