Progress in structural design of functionalized cellulose nanomaterials for Cr(Ⅵ) removal

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-1696

Abstract

Abstract:

As a typical kind of heavy metal ions, Cr(Ⅵ) seriously threatens the eco-system and human health due to its high toxicity, non-degradability, high mobility and bio-accumulation characteristics. As a derivative of cellulose, cellulose nanomaterials (CNM) is the most abundant natural material on earth, which is eco-friendly, highly biocompatible and rich raw material sources. Thus, the use of CNMs as heavy metal ion adsorbents for water treatment is of great significance to promote the sustainability of the society. However, pristine CNM exhibits poor affinity towards Cr(‍Ⅵ), so it is desirable to perform chemical modification and macroscopic geometry structure design for CNM to improve its removal efficiency towards Cr species. This review systematically introduces and summarizes the recent advances on the functionalization and macroscopic structure design strategies of CNM, covers the problems existing in the current field and provides an insight for the future development of CNM-based adsorbents on Cr(Ⅵ) removal application. The review is valuable for the structural design of high-performance adsorbents.

Key words: cellulose nanomaterials (CNM), Cr(Ⅵ) removal, structural design

摘要：

以Cr(Ⅵ)为代表的重金属离子是一类常见的水体污染物，它具有微量剧毒、难以降解、迁移性强和易在生物体内累积等特点，可对生态系统和人体健康造成严重的危害。纤维素纳米材料（cellulose nanomaterials，CNM）是地球上储量最丰富的一种纤维素衍生物，具有环境友好、生物相容性高和原料来源丰富等优势，其作为绿色经济的重金属离子吸附材料对促进社会可持续性发展和水污染治理具有重要意义。然而纤维素纳米材料对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附性能差，需对其进行化学改性和组装以提升其对Cr(Ⅵ)的去除效率。本综述系统地介绍和总结了Cr(Ⅵ)去除用CNM的化学改性策略及其几何结构设计的研究进展，并对目前研究中存在的问题进行总结，对未来的发展趋势进行展望。本综述对高效吸附剂的结构设计具有参考价值。

关键词: 纤维素纳米纤维, Cr(Ⅵ)去除, 结构设计

CLC Number:

X703.1

TANG Chunxia, LI Meng, WANG Yuxi, ZONG Yongzhong, FU Shaohai. Progress in structural design of functionalized cellulose nanomaterials for Cr(Ⅵ) removal[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(2): 585-594.

唐春霞, 李萌, 王玉玺, 宗永忠, 付少海. Cr(Ⅵ)去除用功能化纤维素纳米材料的结构设计研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(2): 585-594.

Figures/Tables 9

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类型	吸附剂	pH	吸附能力/mg·g^-1	优缺点	参考文献
纤维	CA-PCL/CS	3	126	具有高比表面积，但其表面能高，易发生团聚，难以从水体中分离，造成二次污染	[28]
薄膜	K-PET-5	3	75.86	操作简单、节省空间和处理效率高；纯CNF薄膜的耐水性差且寿命短	[29]
薄膜	PANI/EVOH	2	93.09	操作简单、节省空间和处理效率高；纯CNF薄膜的耐水性差且寿命短	[30]
微球	AEM-Ⅱ	3.1	123.4	比表面积大、传质路径短	[31]
微球	P/CMCNF	2	1302.3	比表面积大、传质路径短	[32]
水凝胶	FCH-6	—	228.2	水凝胶价格低、亲水性、安全性、生物相容性和生物降解性等；结构稳定性较差、不易回收	[33]
	P/RC	2	578		[34]
	NCDs-CNF/CSgel	2	294.46		[35]
	FNH-5	2	648.4		[36]
气凝胶	Fe/CA	3	182	高比表面积、高吸附、多次使用、结构完整、高孔隙率和超低密度等；易吸水坍塌	[37]
	CGP	2	386.40		[18]
	i-PL/CSA	3	210.6		[38]
	PAMAM-g-CNF	2	377.36		[12]

类型	吸附剂	pH	吸附能力/mg·g^-1	优缺点	参考文献
纤维	CA-PCL/CS	3	126	具有高比表面积，但其表面能高，易发生团聚，难以从水体中分离，造成二次污染	[28]
薄膜	K-PET-5	3	75.86	操作简单、节省空间和处理效率高；纯CNF薄膜的耐水性差且寿命短	[29]
薄膜	PANI/EVOH	2	93.09	操作简单、节省空间和处理效率高；纯CNF薄膜的耐水性差且寿命短	[30]
微球	AEM-Ⅱ	3.1	123.4	比表面积大、传质路径短	[31]
微球	P/CMCNF	2	1302.3	比表面积大、传质路径短	[32]
水凝胶	FCH-6	—	228.2	水凝胶价格低、亲水性、安全性、生物相容性和生物降解性等；结构稳定性较差、不易回收	[33]
	P/RC	2	578		[34]
	NCDs-CNF/CSgel	2	294.46		[35]
	FNH-5	2	648.4		[36]
气凝胶	Fe/CA	3	182	高比表面积、高吸附、多次使用、结构完整、高孔隙率和超低密度等；易吸水坍塌	[37]
	CGP	2	386.40		[18]
	i-PL/CSA	3	210.6		[38]
	PAMAM-g-CNF	2	377.36		[12]

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