Abstract:

The carbon material itself has limited purification effect on H₂S. Loading the activated catalyst on the activated carbon can make up for the lack of H₂S removal capacity of the carbon material. In this paper, three kinds of carbon materials with typical pore structure: microporous activated carbon fiber, mesoporous activated carbon and single-walled carbon nanotubes with larger pores were impregnated with different concentrations of sodium carbonate solution in equal volume to make desulfurizer loaded with active materials. The desulfurization performance of desulfurizer prepared under different loads was evaluated by fixed bed reaction experiment, and the materials were characterized and tested. After comparison, the activated carbon fiber material with developed microporous structure had the best desulfurization performance as a whole, and the larger the load of active substances, the better. Under the experimental conditions, SO₂ and H₂S were gradually detected at the outlet. SO₂ gas appeared earlier. When this gas appeared, it indicated that the desulfurizer would be inactivated. The surface pH of various carbon materials loaded and before and after desulfurization were measured. It was found that the pH of the material surface increased greatly after loading Na₂CO₃, while the pH of the material surface decreased in varying degrees after desulfurization.

Key words: safety engineering, hydrogen sulfide, activated carbon fiber, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, impregnation concentration

摘要：

碳材料本身对于H₂S的净化效果有限，通过将活性催化剂负载到活性炭上可以弥补碳材料脱除H₂S气体能力的不足。本文选用三种具有典型孔隙结构的碳材料：微孔活性碳纤维、中孔活性炭以及孔隙更大的单壁碳纳米管，等体积浸渍不同浓度的碳酸钠溶液制作负载活性材料的脱硫剂，应用固定床反应实验评价不同负载量下制得脱硫剂的脱硫性能，并对材料进行表征测试。经过对比，具有发达微孔结构的活性碳纤维材料整体上具有最佳的脱硫性能，且活性物质的负载量并不是越大越好。实验条件下，在出口逐渐检测到SO₂以及H₂S两种气体，其中SO₂气体出现较早。测定各类碳材料负载以及脱硫前后的表面pH，发现负载Na₂CO₃后材料表面pH得到大幅度提升，而脱硫后的材料表面pH均有不同程度的下降。

关键词: 安全工程, 硫化氢, 活性碳纤维, 活性炭, 碳纳米管, 浸渍浓度