Abstract:

Due to the unique layered structure and appropriate band gap, bismuth-based semiconductor materials have favorable visible light response-ability and stable photochemical characteristics. As a new group of environment-friendly photocatalysts, bismuth-based semiconductor materials have attracted extensive attentions in the fields of environmental remediation and energy crisis resolution and hence have become a research hotspot in recent years. However, there are still some urgent yet unsolved problems in the practical large-scale application of bismuth-based semiconductor photocatalysts, such as high recombination rate of photogenerated carriers, limited response range to the visible spectrum, poor photocatalytic activity, weak reduction ability. Firstly, this paper outlines the typical properties, preparation methods, and reaction mechanism of bismuth-based semiconductor materials with the focuses on their research progress in photocatalysis, including morphology regulation, heterojunction of construction, ion doping, carbonaceous material doping, noble metal deposition, dye-sensitized, and other modification methods. It also introduces the applications of bismuth-based semiconductor photocatalysts in the degradation of water pollutants, sterilization, disinfection, air purification, hydrogen evolution, CO₂ reduction, and organic synthesis. Finally, the prospects for the development of bismuth-based semiconductor photocatalysts are also discussed, and it is pointed out that the future research directions should be focused on multi-means coupling modification, expanding the application fields and profoundly exploring the reaction mechanism.

Key words: catalyst, photochemistry, preparation, modification, environment, energy

摘要：

铋系半导体材料具有特殊的层状结构以及合适的带隙，具有良好的可见光响应能力以及稳定的光化学特性，作为一类新型的环境友好型光催化剂在环境修复与解决能源危机等领域受到广泛关注，已成为近年来的研究热点。然而，铋系半导体光催化剂距离实际大规模应用仍存在一些亟需解决的问题，如光生载流子复合率高、对可见光谱的响应范围有限、光催化活性较差、还原能力较弱等。本文首先介绍了铋系半导体材料的典型特征、制备方法与反应机理，在此基础上着重阐述了铋系半导体光催化在形貌调控、构建异质结、离子掺杂、碳质材料掺杂、贵金属沉积、染料敏化等改性手段的研究进展以及在降解水体污染物、杀菌消毒、空气净化、制氢、还原CO₂、有机合成等领域的应用成果。最后对铋系半导体光催化剂的未来前景做出展望，指出其未来的研究方向应致力于从多手段耦合改性、拓展其应用领域以及深入探究反应机理等方面开展。

关键词: 催化剂, 光化学, 制备, 改性, 环境, 能源