Abstract:

The flash point of waste tire pyrolysis oil obtained by conventional indirect heat transfer condensation is low. A water spray quenching technology for the condensation of pyrolytic oil and gas was proposed in this paper to solve the problem. The flash point and composition of pyrolysis oil were analyzed by closed cup flash test and GC-MS technique, and the water spray quenching characteristics of waste tire pyrolysis oil-gas were obtained. The results showed that water spray quenching technology condensed the oil-gas rapidly and reduced its partial pressure, thereby reducing the content of low flash point components in the pyrolysis oil significantly and increasing the flash point of the pyrolysis oil. The results of GC-MS analysis showed that the water spray quenching process reduced the content of low carbon components and increased the content of high carbon components in the pyrolysis oil, resulting in a shift in the carbon number distribution of pyrolysis oil components from low carbon to high carbon. Water spray quenching reduced the content of aliphatic hydrocarbons, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) and heteroatomic compounds in the pyrolysis oil while the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was increased. The content of BTEX and D-limonene as high value-added products was also decreased. In addition, water spray quenching reduced the total content of components containing nitrogen or sulfur in the pyrolysis oil, wherein the content of nitrogen compounds and nitrogen-sulfur compounds decreased, while the content of sulfur compounds increased slightly. This study provided a reference for the research on the quality improvement and modification of waste tire pyrolysis oil.

Key words: waste tires, pyrolysis oil, water spray quenching, flash point, component distribution

摘要：

常规间接换热冷凝得到的废轮胎热解油存在闪点偏低的问题。为解决此问题，本文提出了一种用于热解油气冷凝的喷水急冷技术。基于闭杯闪点实验与气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）技术分析了喷水急冷条件下热解油的闪点和组分，得到了废轮胎热解油气的喷水急冷特性。实验结果表明，油气喷水急冷可以快速冷凝油气，降低油气分压，从而显著降低热解油中低闪点组分的含量，提高热解油的闪点。GC-MS分析结果表明，油气喷水急冷技术降低了热解油中低碳数组分的含量，提高了高碳数组分的含量，导致热解油组分的碳数分布由低碳向高碳转变。同时，油气喷水急冷降低了热解油中脂肪烃、单环芳烃（MAHs）以及杂原子化合物的含量，提高了多环芳烃（PAHs）的含量，高附加值产物BTEX（苯、甲苯、乙苯和二甲苯）和D-柠檬烯的含量有所下降。此外，油气喷水急冷还降低了热解油中含氮/含硫组分的总含量，其中含氮组分和含氮含硫组分的含量下降，而含硫组分的含量略有上升。本文为废轮胎热解油的提质改性研究提供了参考。

关键词: 废轮胎, 热解油, 喷水急冷, 闪点, 组分分布