Abstract:

Due to the relatively slow growth rate of anammox bacteria, the reactor start-up time is usually shortened in industry by adding carrier fillers. In order to evaluate the effect of carriers on the film attachment of anammox bacteria, three carriers, polyurethane (PU), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), were tested in a real-scale IFAS reactor treating coal chemical wastewater. At 110d, all three carriers formed mature biofilms, with bio-enrichment of (3.84±0.36)mg VSS/(cm³ filler), (2.40±0.41)mg VSS/(cm³ filler) and (1.82±0.17)mg VSS/(cm³ filler) for PU, PE and PVA carriers, and EPS contents of (0.250±0.022)mg/(cm³ filler), (0.018±0.0031)mg/(cm³ filler) and (0.0096±0.0018)mg/(cm³ filler), respectively; moreover, PU carriers showed more excellent stability and shock resistance in the face of water quality fluctuations and system failure. In addition, the microorganisms in PU carriers had a more complex network topology, which could provide more available substrates and nutrients for microbial habitats, and the microbial interactions were also closer. The above results indicated that PU carriers were more suitable as biofilm carriers for the anammox process than PE and PVA carriers.

Key words: Anammox, immobilization, biofilm, community characterization, bioreactors

摘要：

由于厌氧氨氧化菌生长速度相对缓慢，在工业上通常采用添加载体填料的方式缩短反应器启动时间。为了评估不同载体对厌氧氨氧化微生物的挂膜效果，在处理煤化工废水的实际规模固定生物膜-活性污泥（IFAS）反应池中，测试了聚氨酯（PU）、聚乙烯（PE）和聚乙烯醇（PVA）3种载体的挂膜效果。结果表明，第110天时，3种载体均形成成熟的生物膜，PU、PE和PVA载体生物富集量分别为(3.84±0.36)mg VSS/(cm³填料)、(2.40±0.41)mg VSS/(cm³填料)和(1.82±0.17)mg VSS/(cm³填料)，胞外聚合物（EPS）含量分别为(0.250±0.022)mg/(cm³填料)、(0.018±0.0031)mg/(cm³填料)和(0.0096±0.0018)mg/(cm³填料)；并且，在面对水质波动和系统故障时，PU载体也表现出更强的稳定性和抗冲击能力。此外，PU载体中的微生物具有更复杂的网络拓扑结构，可为微生物的栖息提供更多可利用的底物及营养物质，同时，微生物的互作关系也更加紧密。以上结果表明，相对PE和PVA而言，PU更适合作为厌氧氨氧化工艺的生物膜载体。

关键词: 厌氧氨氧化, 固定化, 生物膜, 群落特性, 生物反应器