Abstract:

In order to achieve high performance of epoxy resin (EP), two-dimensional mica nanosheets (MNs) obtained by intercalation method were combined with toughening flame retardant methyl phosphonate-decanediamine ionic complex (MPA-DAD), and a multifunctional EP modified material MNs@MPA-DAD was prepared. The influence of MNs@MPA-DAD on the properties of EP composites was investigated by mechanical test, UL-94, limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric, cone calorimetric and friction and wear test. The results exhibited that the ionic bond in MPA-DAD can act as a sacrificial bond and dissipate energy to improve toughness. Compared with neat EP, the tensile and flexural toughness of EP composites increased by 302% and 268%, respectively, when 8%MNs@MPA-DAD was added. Two-dimensional MNs could be used as a physical barrier to inhibit the transfer of heat and oxygen in the combustion process of materials, and played a synergistic flame retardancy mechanism with MPA-DAD. The limiting oxygen index of EP/8%MNs@MPA-DAD was increased from 20.4% (neat EP) to 28.9%, and the residues at 800℃ was increased from 8.9% to 14.3%. UL-94 test passed the V-0 level, and the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced by 34.0% and 19.7%, respectively. MNs@MPA-DAD could produce a uniform lubricating transfer layer, reduced friction heat generation, avoided melting wear and improved the wear resistance of epoxy resin. The wear area of EP/8%MNs@MPA-DAD was 76.6% lower than that of neat EP.

Key words: nanomaterials, composites, mechanical properties, flame retardant, wear resistant

摘要：

为了实现环氧树脂（EP）的高性能化，将插层法得到的二维云母纳米片（MNs）与增韧型阻燃剂甲基膦酸-癸二胺离子络合物（MPA-DAD）复合，制备了一种环氧树脂多功能改性材料MNs@MPA-DAD。通过力学、UL-94、极限氧指数（LOI）、热重、锥形量热以及摩擦磨损等测试研究了MNs@MPA-DAD对环氧树脂复合材料的性能影响。结果表明：MPA-DAD中的离子键可充当牺牲键，耗散能量提升韧性。相较于纯EP，添加质量分数8%的MNs@MPA-DAD，环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸和弯曲韧性分别提高了302%和268%。二维的MNs可以作为物理屏障，抑制材料燃烧过程中热量和氧气的传递过程，与MPA-DAD协同发挥阻燃机制。EP/8%MNs@MPA-DAD的极限氧指数由纯EP的20.4%提高至28.9%，残炭率由8.9%提升至14.3%，UL-94测试通过了V-0级别，热释放速率峰值（PHRR）和总热释放（THR）分别降低了34.0%和19.7%。MNs@MPA-DAD能够产生均匀的润滑转移层，减少摩擦热的产生，避免熔化磨损，进而提高环氧树脂的耐磨性。EP/8%MNs@MPA-DAD的磨损面积较纯EP降低了76.6%。

关键词: 纳米材料, 复合材料, 力学性能, 阻燃, 耐磨