Abstract:

Phase change cold storage technology uses the heat absorption or release of phase change materials to store and apply energy, which plays a role in the precise control of temperature, the reduction of energy consumption and the energy load transfer. In this paper, the phase change materials with a phase change temperature below 25℃ for different application scenarios were summarized. The applications of phase-change cold storage materials, such as the food and medical cold chain logistics, the building air-conditioning, the data center emergency cooling, and the phase-change textiles for human thermal management and medical care were introduced. The thermal properties of phase change materials and the advantages and disadvantages for various applications were discussed. It was pointed out that the poor heat transfer performance of ordinary materials can be improved by enhancing the thermal conductivity and heat transfer structure of the phase change cold storage system. Moreover, the research prospects of phase change thermal storage technology, from the preparation of composite phase change materials to the system design optimization and application expansion, were proposed.

Key words: phase change materials for cool storage, phase change cool storage system, composites, thermophysical properties

摘要：

相变蓄冷技术利用相变材料在相变时伴随着的吸热或放热过程对能量进行储存和应用，起到控制温度、降低能耗和转移用能负荷的作用。本文综述了相变温度在25℃以下的相变蓄冷材料及其在不同应用场景的筛选依据，介绍了相变蓄冷材料在食品医疗冷链物流、建筑节能控温与数据中心应急冷却、人体热管理和医疗保健的相变纺织品等领域的应用。从调节相变蓄冷材料相变温度、过冷度、热导率和循环稳定性等方面总结了材料热物性的调控策略，分析了不同调控策略存在的优缺点，指出相变蓄冷系统可通过增强蓄冷系统热导率和强化传热结构来改善普通材料传热性能差的问题。最后从复合相变材料制备到系统设计优化和应用场景拓展等方面对相变蓄冷技术研究方向进行了展望。

关键词: 相变蓄冷材料, 相变蓄冷系统, 复合相变材料, 热物性