Abstract:

Hydrogen, as a clean and efficient secondary energy, is an important component of building a clean society in the future. To date, the hydrogen production industry in China is highly dependent on fossil energy. Therefore, the development of environment-friendly hydrogen production by water electrolysis has very important practical significance. The production of high-purity hydrogen through the electrolysis of water via renewable energy is one of the most potential green hydrogen route among many hydrogen production technologies. Based on the introduction of three water electrolysis technologies and core components, the progress of the research on electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) was reviewed, and the research status of transition metal-based electrocatalysts and single-atom catalysts were systematically discussed. Furthermore, the integration of renewable energy generation and water electrolysis hydrogen production technology was further discussed, and the development progress of domestic and foreign hydrogen production projects based on renewable energy was briefly described. With the reduction of electricity costs and the development of efficient, stable and economical hydrogen evolution catalysts, hydrogen production by electrolysis based on renewable energy will be an important way for our country to realize the transition from traditional energy to low-carbon clean energy, solve the problem of renewable energy consumption, and accelerate the industrialization of hydrogen energy.

Key words: hydrogen energy, water electrolysis, catalyst, renewable energy, nanocatalysts

摘要：

氢能是一种清洁、高效的二次能源，是构建未来清洁社会的重要支撑。在众多制氢技术中，利用可再生能源产生电能，并通过电解水制备高纯度氢气是最具潜力的制氢路线之一。本文在介绍三种电解水制氢技术及核心部件的基础上，重点讨论了电解水析氢催化剂，特别是过渡金属基电催化剂及单原子催化剂的研究进展。本文最后对可再生能源发电与电解水制氢技术的耦合进行了分析与讨论，简述了现阶段国内外基于可再生能源发电制氢项目的开发进展。文章指出，随着电力成本下降，高效、稳定、经济的析氢催化剂的开发，可再生能源发电制氢将成为解决能源消纳、加速氢能产业化进程、最终实现我国向低碳清洁能源转型的重要途径。

关键词: 氢能, 电解水, 催化剂, 再生能源, 纳米催化剂