Emission characteristics of nitrogen oxides from gas steam combined cycle unit

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2018-1329

Abstract

Abstract:

Pollutant concentrations (NO and NO₂) were monitored and measured for the phenomenon of the yellow smoke emissions in a gas steam combined cycle unit. Effect of the unit operation condition and production load on the pollutant emission characteristics and change rules was studied based on the monitoring results. The results show that the concentration of NO and that of nitrogen oxides (NO _x ) increase, the concentration of NO₂ and the concentration ratio of NO₂ to NO _x (nitrogen oxides composition) gradually decrease with the increase of production load. The yellow smoke plume is caused by a high concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the flue gas, and is no direct relation with the concentration of NO and NO _x , when the combined cycle unit is in the stage of the single cycle and low-load operation. The proportion of NO₂ in nitrogen oxides can be decreased by increasing the production load, which is helpful to reduce the generation of the yellow smoke plume. In addition, the operating mode of burner is preliminarily analyzed, and the high-temperature and oxygen-rich condition formed in the on-duty combustion area is considered to be an important cause of high NO₂ emission.

Key words: flue gas, nitrogen oxides, nitrogen dioxide, load, pollution

摘要：

针对燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组运行过程中排放黄烟的现象，开展了烟气污染物（NO和NO₂）浓度的现场测试，研究了联合机组运行工况和生产负荷对其排放特性及变化规律的影响。结果表明：烟气中NO浓度和氮氧化物（NO _x ）浓度随机组生产负荷的增大而增大，NO₂浓度以及NO₂与NO _x 的浓度比值（NO _x 构成）则随生产负荷增加而逐渐降低。联合机组在单循环和低负荷工况运行时，黄色烟羽成因是烟气中NO₂含量高造成的，与烟气中NO _x 浓度和NO浓度没有明确的对应关系；提高联合机组生产负荷，会减少NO₂在氮氧化物中所占的比例，有助于缓解烟气黄色烟羽的生成。此外，初步分析了燃气轮机燃烧器的运行模式，认为值班燃烧区形成的高温富氧条件是造成排放高浓度NO₂烟气的重要原因。

关键词: 烟气, 氮氧化物, 二氧化氮, 负荷, 污染

CLC Number:

TK477

Zhonglei FAN, Yubing ZHOU, Dianhe LIU, Xiaofeng WEI, Qiang GUO, Kai WANG. Emission characteristics of nitrogen oxides from gas steam combined cycle unit[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2019, 38(04): 2056-2062.

范忠雷, 周玉兵, 刘殿河, 韦晓峰, 郭强, 王凯. 燃气-蒸汽联合循环机组烟气氮氧化物的排放规律[J]. 化工进展, 2019, 38(04): 2056-2062.

Figures/Tables 6

序号	时间/min	生产负荷/MW	燃机负荷/MW	烟气色泽	$m N O 2$ /mg·m^-3	$m N O$ /mg·m^-3	$m N O x$ /mg·m^-3	w(O₂)/%	$m 折算 N O x$ /mg·m^-3	$m N O x - C E M S$ /mg·m^-3
1	142	260.4	169.0	略显黄色	27.9	20.3	48.3	13.11	36.7	33.3
2	180	261.2	169.1	浅黄色	29.3	23.2	52.5	13.02	39.5	34.5
3	289	304.2	214.8	呈无色	16.1	39.0	55.1	13.06	41.65	36.4
4	367	344.3	239.3	呈无色	12.9	51.6	64.5	12.96	48.1	46.2
5	643	0.15	—	停机	0.05	0.03	0.08	20.6	1.2	—

序号	时间/min	生产负荷/MW	燃机负荷/MW	烟气色泽	$m N O 2$ /mg·m^-3	$m N O$ /mg·m^-3	$m N O x$ /mg·m^-3	w(O₂)/%	$m 折算 N O x$ /mg·m^-3	$m N O x - C E M S$ /mg·m^-3
1	142	260.4	169.0	略显黄色	27.9	20.3	48.3	13.11	36.7	33.3
2	180	261.2	169.1	浅黄色	29.3	23.2	52.5	13.02	39.5	34.5
3	289	304.2	214.8	呈无色	16.1	39.0	55.1	13.06	41.65	36.4
4	367	344.3	239.3	呈无色	12.9	51.6	64.5	12.96	48.1	46.2
5	643	0.15	—	停机	0.05	0.03	0.08	20.6	1.2	—

序号	时间/min	生产负荷/MW	燃机负荷/MW	烟气色泽	$m N O 2$ /mg·m^-3	m _NO/mg·m^-3	$m N O x$ /mg·m^-3	w(O₂)/%	$m 折算 N O x$ /mg·m^-3
1	18	32.2	33.4	呈黄色	31.8	9.0	40.8	16.08	49.8
2	39	116.7	116.9	呈黄色	43.3	17.1	60.4	14.92	59.6
3	56	127.7	130.0	呈黄色	31.4	13.1	44.5	13.72	36.7
4	77	250.8	160.0	浅黄色	29.6	35.7	65.3	13.71	53.7
5	112	254.3	159.2	略有色泽	25.1	32.6	57.7	13.55	46.4
6	188	253.9	163.1	略有色泽	25.3	33.3	58.6	13.48	46.7

序号	时间/min	生产负荷/MW	燃机负荷/MW	烟气色泽	$m N O 2$ /mg·m^-3	m _NO/mg·m^-3	$m N O x$ /mg·m^-3	w(O₂)/%	$m 折算 N O x$ /mg·m^-3
1	18	32.2	33.4	呈黄色	31.8	9.0	40.8	16.08	49.8
2	39	116.7	116.9	呈黄色	43.3	17.1	60.4	14.92	59.6
3	56	127.7	130.0	呈黄色	31.4	13.1	44.5	13.72	36.7
4	77	250.8	160.0	浅黄色	29.6	35.7	65.3	13.71	53.7
5	112	254.3	159.2	略有色泽	25.1	32.6	57.7	13.55	46.4
6	188	253.9	163.1	略有色泽	25.3	33.3	58.6	13.48	46.7

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