Abstract: An ionic liquid is attractive by its low or negligible vapor pressure，catalytic ability，and strong dissolving power. The application prospect of ionic liquids in biodiesel synthesis is increasingly interested in recent years. Particular attention has been paid to the roles of ionic liquids in biodiesel synthesis，the capability of ionic liquids as solvents，the ability of ionic liquids as catalysts for producing biodiesel and the recyclability of ionic liquids. Interdisciplinary research shall be supported in the field of non-aqueous phase enzymatic reaction and ionic liquids medium engineering for the mass transfer problem of enzymatic process in ILs reaction systems and recycling of the ionic liquid.

Key words: biodiesel, ionic liquid, transesterification, biodiesel, ionic liquid, transesterification

摘要： 离子液体具有较强的催化能力、较强的溶解能力、较低的蒸气压等特性，其在生物柴油合成中的应用近年来受到人们的持续关注。本文介绍了离子液体不仅可作为酶催化合成生物柴油的绿色溶剂，作为酯交换反应合成生物柴油的催化剂，还可作为催化剂载体，并可以实现离子液体在生物合成应用中的循环利用。提出了今后应加强对离子液体中固定化脂肪酶催化合成生物柴油的传质过程和催化作用机制及离子液体的循环利用进行研究。

关键词: 生物柴油, 离子液体, 酯交换反应, 生物柴油, 离子液体, 酯交换反应