Abstract: The membrane fouling mechanism was analyzed by resistance-series-model and the major fouling resistance was attapulgite sedimentation on membrane surface. According to the Darcy’s-filtering-model calculation，the resistance of the filter process was determined mainly from filter cake layer resistance Rg，which accounted for about 85% of the total resistance. The results showed that ceramics membranes could not be cleaned by one-step physical or chemical cleaning methods. The permeate flux of ceramics membranes could be recovered to more than 89 % of the original value by multi-step cleaning methods，including chemical cleaning and back-flashing technology ，and the effect of ceramics membrane regeneration was stable in multiple operations .The influences of back-flushing pressure and time and cycle were investigated. The optimum parameters of back-flushing process obtained were：back-flushing pressure 0.5 MPa，time 10s，cycle 20min. Back-flushing technology played an important role in the control process of membrane fouling and regeneration in microfiltration separating by ceramics membranes，and has broad application prospects.

Key words: inorganic ceramic membrane, attapulgite clay, membrane fouling, membrane regeneration

摘要： 采用阻力系列模型分析了膜污染主要来自凹土在膜表面的沉积，通过Darcy定律过滤模型计算，确定过滤过程的阻力主要来自滤饼层阻力Rg，约占总阻力的85%。实验结果表明，单一的物理、化学清洗方法不能达到理想的清洗效果，采用化学方法和反冲技术相结合的清洗方法，可使膜的纯水通量恢复至新膜的89 %以上，且多次的清洗效果稳定。考察了反冲压力、反冲时间和反冲周期等因素对陶瓷膜微滤凹土浆液强化过程的影响，确定合适的反冲操作条件：反冲压力0. 5 MPa、时间10 s、周期20 min。反冲技术在陶瓷膜微滤过程的膜污染控制和再生环节上起了重要作用，并具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 无机陶瓷膜, 凹凸棒土, 膜污染, 膜再生