Abstract: Treatment and disposal of municipal sewage sludge is one of the hot issues in recent years，and the potential utilization of sludge as energy is gradually attracting the attention of researchers. On the basis of introduction of sludge composition and properties，the main technologies and methods of utilization of sludge as energy were summarized，including anaerobic digestion，pyrolysis，gasification，combustion，microbial fuel cells and so on. In this paper each technology or method was discussed in the aspects of its principle，process，products and pollution control. The process of combustion and co-combustion can provide a way to realize energy conversion directly and has been promoted and applied nowadays. But it has the disadvantages of high costs and subsequent problems such as pollution gases and ash disposal during the process. Secondary pollution such as pollution gas emission can be avoided using gasification and pyrolysis，but the process and equipment are relatively complicated，preventing their industrial applications. Anaerobic digestion and microbial fuel cell technologies can achieve not only sludge reduction，but also energy production through the action of microorganisms，and they seem to be the likely direction of utilizing sludge as energy.

Key words: sewage sludge, anaerobic digestion, gasification, combustion, microbial fuel cells

摘要： 城市污泥的处理处置是近年来关注的热点问题之一，其能源化利用的价值逐渐得到研究者重视。本文在对城市污泥成分和性质总结的基础上，介绍了目前污泥能源化利用的主要技术和方法，包括厌氧消化、热解和气化、燃烧和混烧、微生物燃料电池等，从原理、工艺、产物、污染控制等方面对上述方法进行了综述。通过对几种技术方法对比分析，指出燃烧和混烧可直接实现能量转化，是目前可直接应用推广的技术，但成本较高、污染气体及灰分需进一步处理处置；气化、热解可避免污染气体等二次污染，但工艺和设备较复杂，尚未实现应用；厌氧消化和微生物燃料电池技术通过微生物作用实现污泥减量和能源产出，是污泥能源化利用的研究和发展方向。

关键词: 污泥, 厌氧消化, 气化, 燃烧, 微生物燃料电池