Abstract: Coal-to-liquids (CTL) technology has become one of the main solutions facing oil crisis in future China. In this paper, the status of CTL is first described, including both indirect coal liquefaction and direct coal liquefaction. Recent policies for domestic CTL industry are then reviewed. The relevant policies show not only its strategic importance and great application potential in national economic development, but also the prudence of government administration on its technical maturity. The strategic importance of CTL, the technical feasibility on this low-carbon process, and the overall economic competitiveness of this industry are further discussed. In order to make this technology “diverse” and “integrated”, it is necessary to strengthen research and development, to promote industrialization, to deep the domestic and international cooperation, and to combine with other advanced technologies.

Key words: coal-to-liquids, industry, policy

摘要： 煤制油已成为我国未来应对石油危机的重要途径之一。本文首先描述了煤制油技术及产业的现状，包括煤间接液化和煤直接液化。其次评述了近年国内与煤制油相关的产业政策。相关政策一方面表达了国家对其战略地位的重视和发展空间的认可，另一方面对其技术成熟度表现出谨慎态度。最后，进一步阐述了煤制油技术的战略地位、低碳技术路径的可行性以及产业总体经济竞争力，指出其未来发展方向是：加强研发、推动产业化、深化国内外合作、与其它先进技术有机结合，最终实现“多元化”和“一体化”。

关键词: 煤制油, 产业, 政策