Abstract:

Bio-based materials are recognized as a critical enabler for advancing chemical engineering advanced materials toward industrial upgrading and transformation. This article focused on the fermentation methodologies employed in the production of bio-based materials and systematically summarized their progress across raw material, process, and product domains. The study also examined the technological barriers and challenges associated with the iterative updates of second-generation and third-generation carbon sources within the biomanufacturing industry. It proposed the construction of a multidimensional biomass carbon source supply system and guarantee mechanism. The article delved into the fermentation process technology for key polymer monomers such as ethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, succinic acid, adipic acid, and terephthalic acid, as well as polymer materials including polylactic acid, polyhydroxyalkanoates, hyaluronic acid, and bacterial cellulose. The study outlined four critical modules: bio-based plastics, bio-based rubbers, bio-based nylon, and bio-based polysaccharide materials. It advocated for enhancing the product system of bio-based materials through fermentation methods to gradually replace petrochemical-based materials, paving the way for future advancements in the field.

Key words: bio-based materials, ferment, monomers, carbon source, plastic

摘要：

生物基材料是推动化工新材料领域产业升级转型的重要支撑，本文以发酵法为核心，系统总结了生物基材料及单体模块原料端、过程端、产品端的相关进展；概括了生物制造产业背景下第二代、第三代碳源迭代更新的技术壁垒和挑战，提出构建多维生物质碳源供给体系和保障机制，以突破第一代碳源供给的局限性；围绕生物基塑料、生物基橡胶、生物基尼龙、生物基多糖材料四个模块，阐述了乙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、丁二酸、己二酸、对苯二甲酸等聚合物单体以及聚乳酸、聚羟基烷酸酯、透明质酸、细菌纤维素等聚合物材料的发酵工艺技术。本文还提出了完善发酵法生物基材料的产品体系，以实现石化材料的逐步替代，进而推动化工新材料领域的可持续发展。

关键词: 生物基材料, 发酵, 单体, 碳源, 塑料