Abstract:

As an important emerging organic pollutant in water environment, antibiotics have low biodegradability and potentially unknown toxicity. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) as a kind of chemical technology have attracted growing attention for the treatment of antibiotic wastewater due to the generation of reactive species (such as hydroxyl radicals, superoxide radicals and sulfate radicals). Based on the structural characteristics of antibiotics and density functional theory, this article reviewed key publications on the attack sites and degradation mechanisms of classical antibiotics for the first time. In addition, this article reviewed key publications on the electrocatalysis, photocatalysis, ozonation process and Fenton/Fenton-like reactions used to remove antibiotics from the aquatic environment. We further provided perspectives on the key opportunities and challenges associated with catalysts in AOPs, recommending further exploration for enhanced applications in future studies.

Key words: advanced oxidation processes, antibiotics, acatalytic oxidation, wastewater treatment, degradation mechanism

摘要：

抗生素是水环境中一类典型的新兴微污染有机物，具有难降解、高风险、潜在未知毒性和普遍残留等特性。基于羟基自由基、超氧自由基、硫酸根自由基等活性物种的高级氧化技术，因其高效快速、适用范围广等特点，已成为抗生素废水处理领域的研究热点。本文从抗生素的结构特征出发，结合密度泛函理论，首次系统剖析了不同活性物种对常见五大类抗生素的攻击位点和降解机理。同时，综述了电催化法、光催化法、臭氧氧化法、芬顿及类芬顿法四种高级氧化技术在处理抗生素废水方面的优势及适用范围，并展望了未来的发展方向及趋势。

关键词: 高级氧化技术, 抗生素, 催化氧化, 废水处理, 降解机理