Heat transfer simulation and optimization of missile borne phase change heat sink

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0978

Abstract

Abstract:

With the development of the seeker towards miniaturization, lightweight, intelligence and multi-mode composite, the electronic devices of the seeker are facing the demand of short-term high-power heat dissipation. The heat storage device of phase change heat sink has the advantages of high energy storage density, light weight and passive no energy consumption, but its phase change material has low heat transfer efficiency and complex melting process, which increases the difficulty of heat dissipation design. The heat dissipation calculation model and phase change heat transfer mathematical model of missile borne heating components were established. The numerical simulation and heat transfer characteristics of phase change heat transfer were studied based on Fluent software. The optimization design of phase change heat transfer was carried out by using vapor chamber and adding reinforced heat conducting rib. The results showed that the maximum temperature and high-low temperature difference of the calculation model can be effectively reduced and the working time of the electronic devices can be prolonged by using vapor chamber and adding reinforced heat conducting rib. When the heat transfer plate adopted vapor chamber instead of aluminum alloy, the high-low temperature difference of the calculation model can be reduced from 98.8K to 50.3K. Three reinforced heat conducting ribs were added inside the heat sink, which can further reduce the temperature difference to 17.9K. The continued increase of reinforced heat conducting ribs would have less obvious impact on the heat transfer effect.

Key words: phase change heat sink, heat dissipation design, numerical simulation, heat transfer characteristics, optimal design

摘要：

随着导引头向小型化、轻量化、智能化和多模复合方向发展，导引头电子器件面临短时高功耗散热需求。相变热沉储热装置具有储能密度高、重量轻、被动不耗能等优点，但其相变材料传热效率低、熔化过程复杂，增加了散热设计难度。本文建立了弹载发热元器件散热计算模型和相变传热数学模型，基于Fluent软件开展了相变传热数值模拟和传热特性研究，通过采用均热板导热和增设强化导热筋的方式进行了相变传热优化设计。结果表明，采用均热板和增设强化导热筋能有效降低计算模型最高温度和高低温差，延长器件工作时长。导热板采用均热板代替铝合金时，计算模型高低温差可由98.8K降至50.3K，热沉内部增设3个强化导热筋，可进一步降低温差至17.9K，继续增加强化导热筋对传热效果影响将越加不明显。

关键词: 相变热沉, 散热设计, 数值模拟, 传热特性, 优化设计

CLC Number:

TN219

ZOU Yincai, LI Qingguo, WU Hui, ZHONG Xiaobing, CHEN Xianzhi. Heat transfer simulation and optimization of missile borne phase change heat sink[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(3): 1248-1256.

邹银才, 李清国, 吴辉, 钟小兵, 陈咸志. 弹载相变热沉传热仿真与优化[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1248-1256.

Figures/Tables 20

References 21

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参数	石蜡	铝合金
ρ/kg·m^-3	850	2719
c/J·kg^-1·K^-1	6600/2600（固/液）	871
q/J·kg^-1	210000	—

参数	石蜡	铝合金
ρ/kg·m^-3	850	2719
c/J·kg^-1·K^-1	6600/2600（固/液）	871
q/J·kg^-1	210000	—

h/mm	a/mm	(M₂/M₁)/%	Q₂/Q₁	(M_2-1/M₁)/%	Q_2-1/Q₁
1	4.5	85.2	1.5	31.3	3.3
2	5.5	75.8	1.8	31.3	3.3
3	6.5	69.3	2.0	31.3	3.3
4	7.5	64.5	2.2	31.3	3.3

h/mm	a/mm	(M₂/M₁)/%	Q₂/Q₁	(M_2-1/M₁)/%	Q_2-1/Q₁
1	4.5	85.2	1.5	31.3	3.3
2	5.5	75.8	1.8	31.3	3.3
3	6.5	69.3	2.0	31.3	3.3
4	7.5	64.5	2.2	31.3	3.3

参数	数值	参数	数值
A_mush	10⁶	h_ref/J·kg^-1	210000
T_S/K	329.15	h/mm	3
T_L/K	331.15	a/mm	6.5
κ/W·m^-1·K^-1	0.25	b/mm	4.5
η/kg·m^-1·s^-1	0.004	q_V₁/ W·m^-3	25000000
α/K^-1	0.001	q_V₂/ W·m^-3	25000000