Research progress of reverse water gas shift reaction

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2022-0816

Abstract

Abstract:

Reverse water gas conversion (RWGS) reaction is a key step in the catalytic hydrogenation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) to high value-added chemicals and fuels such as methanol, light olefins, aromatics and gasoline, which is of great significance for the utilization of CO₂. This review summarizes the research progress of RWGS reaction in recent years, including thermodynamic analysis of RWGS reaction, catalytic mechanisms, selective catalysts and strategies to improve the performance of catalysts. From the perspective of thermodynamics, RWGS reaction is favorable at high temperature, as methanation reaction emerges at low temperature. The mechanisms of RWGS reaction mainly consist of redox mechanism and association mechanism, and the latter further contains a formate route and/or carboxylate route. Compared with other catalyst system, supported metal catalysts commonly exhibit a superior RWGS reaction performance. In addition, the rational design of RWGS reaction catalysts with high reactivity and durability could be realized by adding alkali metal additives, forming bimetallic alloy as well as modulating the metal-support interaction via selecting a good support or reducing the metal particle size.

Key words: reverse water gas shift reaction, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, thermodynamics, catalyst

摘要：

逆水煤气变换（RWGS）反应是将二氧化碳（CO₂）加氢转化为甲醇、低碳烯烃、芳烃以及汽油等高附加值化学品和燃料的关键步骤，对于实现CO₂资源化利用具有重要意义。本文综述了近年来RWGS反应的研究进展，包括RWGS反应热力学分析、催化机理、可选择的催化剂种类以及提升催化剂性能策略等方面。文章从热力学角度分析，RWGS反应在高温下有利，而低温下存在甲烷化竞争反应。RWGS反应机理主要包括氧化还原机理以及缔合机理，其中缔合机理包括甲酸盐路径和羧酸盐路径等。相比于其他催化体系，负载型金属催化剂展现出较优异的RWGS反应性能。另外，通过添加碱金属助剂、形成双金属合金以及选择合适载体和减小金属颗粒尺寸以优化金属-载体相互作用等手段可实现低温高效稳定的RWGS反应催化剂的设计开发。

关键词: 逆水煤气变换反应, 二氧化碳, 一氧化碳, 热力学, 催化剂

CLC Number:

TQ073

WANG Xiaoyue, ZHANG Weimin, YAO Zhengyang, GUO Xiaohong, LI Congming. Research progress of reverse water gas shift reaction[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2023, 42(3): 1583-1594.

王晓月, 张伟敏, 姚正阳, 郭晓宏, 李聪明. 逆水煤气变换反应研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2023, 42(3): 1583-1594.

Figures/Tables 17

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