Progress in preparation and application of lignin porous carbon

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-2031

Abstract

Abstract:

Lignin is a kind of natural polymer with three-dimensional network structure, large amount of aromatic groups and high carbon content. It has great potential in the field of preparation of porous carbon materials. Porous carbon materials have a great application prospect in the field of catalyst and the energy storage. Industrial lignin, as a byproduct from the pulp and paper and biological refining industry, is used to prepare porous carbon and used in energy storage, adsorption, catalyst carrier and other field, which can realize the high-valued recycling utilization of industrial lignin. This paper summarized the current lignin commonly used preparation methods of porous carbon materials and micro channel structure adjustment methods, and summarized the main characteristics of the various preparation methods, as well as the key factors affecting on the structure and performance of lignin-derived porous carbon materials. It focused on the research on pore control of lignin-derived porous carbon materials in recent years and summarized the pore regulation methods. Taking supercapacitors, adsorbents and catalyst carriers as representatives, the application status of lignin porous carbon materials in the field of catalysis and energy storage materials was reviewed, and the microstructure characteristics of lignin-derived porous carbon materials were discussed. The opportunities and challenges of lignin in the preparation and application of porous carbon were summarized and prospected.

Key words: lignin, porous carbon, channel regulation, energy storage material, adsorbent, catalyst support

摘要：

木质素是一种具有三维网状分子结构、含有大量芳香基团和高含碳量等特点的天然高分子，其在制备多孔炭领域具有巨大潜力。多孔炭在催化剂和能源储存领域具有极大的应用前景。以来源于制浆造纸和生物炼制行业的副产物工业木质素作为原料制备多孔炭应用于能源储存、吸附、催化剂载体等领域，可实现工业木质素在碳基功能材料领域的高附加值循环再利用。本文详细综述了目前木质素多孔炭的常用制备方法和微结构特性的调控方法，总结归纳了各制备方法的主要特点以及影响木质素多孔炭微结构与性能的关键因素；重点综述了近些年对木质素多孔炭孔道结构调控方面的研究，归纳了孔调控的方法；此外，总结了木质素多孔炭在超级电容器、锂离子电池、吸附剂和催化剂载体领域中的应用研究现状，讨论了催化和储能材料对木质素多孔炭的微结构特性要求。总结并展望了木质素多孔炭在制备与应用中面临的机遇和挑战。

关键词: 木质素, 多孔炭, 孔道调控, 储能材料, 吸附剂, 催化剂载体

CLC Number:

O636.2

ZENG Maozhu, SHE Yuqi, HU Yubin, WU Linjun, YUAN Manjing, QI Yi, WANG Huan, LIN Xuliang, QIN Yanlin. Progress in preparation and application of lignin porous carbon[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2021, 40(8): 4573-4586.

曾茂株, 佘煜琪, 胡玉彬, 吴林军, 袁慢景, 漆毅, 王欢, 林绪亮, 秦延林. 木质素多孔炭的制备及应用研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2021, 40(8): 4573-4586.

Figures/Tables 10

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木质素种类	多孔炭制备方法	应用方向	相关文献
有机溶剂木质素	CO₂活化	高性能吸附剂	［35］
木质素磺酸盐	金属盐活化	吸附甲苯	［36］
稻壳	ZnCl₂活化	电极材料	［37］
酶解木质素	钾盐活化	电极材料	［38］
冷杉（软木木质素）	—	维生素吸附	［39］
水解木质素	热裂解法	吸附剂	［40］
生物-乙醇木质素	水热炭化法	超级电容器	［41］
山毛榉（硬木木质素）	—	电催化剂	［42］

木质素种类	多孔炭制备方法	应用方向	相关文献
有机溶剂木质素	CO₂活化	高性能吸附剂	［35］
木质素磺酸盐	金属盐活化	吸附甲苯	［36］
稻壳	ZnCl₂活化	电极材料	［37］
酶解木质素	钾盐活化	电极材料	［38］
冷杉（软木木质素）	—	维生素吸附	［39］
水解木质素	热裂解法	吸附剂	［40］
生物-乙醇木质素	水热炭化法	超级电容器	［41］
山毛榉（硬木木质素）	—	电催化剂	［42］

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