Abstract:

The selective heating characteristic of microwave irradiation field has great effect on the relative volatility of binary mixture, which can be applied to develop novel separation technology based on the dielectric property difference of the compositions, which will promote process intensification of unit operations in chemical engineering. The progress of microwave-enhanced separation in chemical engineering was summarized while the unique interaction between microwave field and various chemicals was illustrated to emphasize microwave-induced enhancement of distillation separation for the mixture of polar and nonpolar components. In view of the key problems that need to be solved in the practical application of microwave-induced separation technology, the research progress of the author's research group on the mechanism of microwave-induced separation, separation device, structure design of microwave cavity and process model were reviewed. Ultimately, several suggestions were proposed accordingly for the existing problems of microwave technology in the field of chemical separation process intensification for the sake of the further research of dielectric-based separation in chemical engineering.

Key words: separation, distillation, phase equilibria, microwave, process intensification

摘要：

具有选择性加热特性的微波辐射场对混合物相对挥发度影响的发现，对基于混合物介电性质差异而实现化工分离新技术的开发和工程强化能起到极大的推动作用。本文梳理了近年来发展的微波场强化化工分离方法，阐述了微波场与各类物质的特殊作用机制，重点介绍了微波场诱导强化极性-非极性混合物蒸馏分离新技术的相关研究。针对微波诱导分离技术在实际应用中亟需解决的关键问题，着重综述了作者课题组在微波诱导分离机理、分离装置与微波腔体结构设计及过程模型方面的研究进展。最后，对微波技术在化工分离过程强化领域应用目前尚存在的问题提出建议，期望对未来通过介电性质差异实现分离的发展方向提供参考。

关键词: 分离, 蒸馏, 相平衡, 微波, 过程强化