Abstract:

Microalgal carbon mitigation is an eco-friendly and sustainable carbon reduction technology. Microalgae are photosynthetic organisms that utilize light energy to combine water with CO₂ to generate biomass. Light, the primary force of photosynthesis, and CO₂, the material basis of photosynthesis, are major abiotic parameters influencing carbon fixation efficiency. Light and carbon regulation are the most effective way to enhance CO₂ capture. However, due to the selective absorption of light spectrum changing with microalgae species and life stage, the untargeted light regulation strategy might have poor effect. In this paper, a few light regulation strategies were summarized and the influences of light quality on carbon metabolism were discussed. Based on the absorbed action spectra for microalgae, a customized light regulation strategy should be developed according to the real condition and target product. As the first matter of microalgal carbon mitigation was enhancement of carbon fixation efficiency under high CO₂ concentration, response of microalgae to high concentration CO₂ was analyzed . The mechanism for high concentration CO₂ to improve the growth of the microalgae was discussed on both CO₂ transmission and metabolism, which provided an essential reference for stimulating carbon fixation at both metabolic and molecular level.

Key words: CO₂ capture, metabolism, biomass, microalgae, light quality

摘要：

微藻捕集烟气CO₂是一种环境友好的、可持续发展的碳减排技术。微藻通过光合作用固定CO₂，光是驱动光合作用的原初能量，CO₂是支撑光合作用的物质基础，通过调控光源和碳源可以最直接有效地促进CO₂的捕集。然而，由于微藻对光谱吸收具有选择性、不同生命阶段对光谱吸收具有差异性，盲目的归一化调控策略将收效甚微。本文简述了几种可以提高微藻固碳效率的光调控策略，从宏观上分析了光质对微藻捕集CO₂效率的影响，从微观上分析了碳代谢途径对光质调控的响应机制，并提出在深入剖析微藻生命周期光需求的条件下，结合实际情况和目标产物实施个性化、定制化的光调控策略。提高微藻在高碳环境下的固碳效率是微藻捕集CO₂技术的首要问题，本文分析了高浓度CO₂诱导下细胞内环境的维稳机制，从CO₂传输过程和光合作用质能转化途径上深入探讨了高浓度CO₂对微藻固碳的影响机制，为从代谢和分子水平刺激碳捕集过程，提高固碳效率提供了理论依据和重要参考。

关键词: 二氧化碳捕集, 代谢, 生物质, 微藻, 光质