Abstract:

Along with deficiency of petrol all over the world, nylons from petrol will be severely restricted, so nylons from renewable resources are receiving extensive attention. In view of modification of biobased nylons by melting compounding, several kinds of nylon were summarized, for example nylon 11, nylon 1010, nylon 610, nylon 510 and nylon 410. Progresses in modifications of reinforcement, flame retardation, toughness, conductivity and heat transfer about biobased nylons were discussed. The researches about modifications of reinforcement, flame retardation and toughness were main topics in biobased nylons modification, in which nylon 11, nylon 1010 were used most frequently. In the modifications of reinforcement, lignocellulose and clay were widely used as filler. In the modifications of toughness and flame retardation, polyolefin grafted by maleic anhydride and inrumescent flame retardants showed high performances. New biomass monomer, microstructure, interface and crystallization should be received much attentions.

Key words: biobased nylons, modification, reinforce, flame retardant, toughness

摘要：

随着全球石油资源日益匮乏，来源于石油原料的尼龙材料受到严重制约，因此来源于可再生原料的生物基尼龙材料受到广泛关注。本文针对生物基尼龙11、尼龙1010、尼龙610、尼龙510、尼龙410等，从材料改性的角度出发，详细论述了近年来生物基尼龙材料以熔融共混方式在增强、增韧、阻燃、电性能和导热方面的研究与应用进展。文章指出在生物基尼龙改性方面以增强、增韧、阻燃改性研究为主，以尼龙11和尼龙1010为基体的研究最多，其中增强改性中多以木质纤维素、黏土等为增强填料，增韧改性中以马来酸酐改性聚烯烃增韧剂效果最好，阻燃改性中以含磷和三聚氰胺化合物的膨胀型阻燃剂为主。文章总结开发新型生物基尼龙单体、微观结构、共混界面和结晶是该领域未来值得研究的方向。

关键词: 生物基尼龙, 改性, 增强, 阻燃, 增韧