Abstract:

Hydrosilylation is one of the most important ways to synthesize organosilicon materials. Platinum catalyst is of great significance as it is the most widely used catalyst. In this review, the research status of hydrosilylation reaction mechanism was first presented. Secondly, this paper analyzed the progress in platinum complex catalysts with long polymer segments, platinum cluster catalysts containing multiple platinum atoms andN-heterocyclic carbene platinum complexes catalysts, which were mainly designed to improve the catalytic selectivity and control the catalytic reactivity. In addition, the advantages of the supports for platinum catalysts such as inorganic silica, carbon support, metal oxides, organic polymers, and solid carrier fluids were reported. The supported platinum catalysts have the advantages of being recyclable and having good product selectivity and thus could significantly reduce platinum loss in comparison to the homogeneous platinum catalyst. Meantime, the development of platinum-catalysed hydrosilylation reaction was prospected and analysed. The improvement of platinum loading capacity, the separation of platinum-supported catalysts, the mechanism of hydrosilylation reaction, and the expansion of catalytic range are the main directions for future research.

Key words: catalyst, catalyst support, reactivity, selectivity, platinum, hydrosilylation reaction

摘要：

硅氢加成反应是合成有机硅材料最重要的途径之一，铂催化剂作为其应用最广的催化剂，具有重要的意义。本文首先介绍了硅氢加成反应机理的研究现状；分析了聚合物长链段铂配合物、含多个铂原子铂簇化合物及N-杂环卡宾铂配合物均相铂催化剂的研究进展，致力于改善均相催化剂催化选择性差、催化活性难以控制等缺点；分别阐述了不同铂催化剂载体如无机二氧化硅、炭载体、金属氧化物、有机高分子、固载液等作为铂催化剂载体的优点，负载铂催化剂具有可回收、产物选择性好的优点，有效解决了工业上铂损失的问题；最后对铂催化硅氢加成反应的发展趋势进行了展望分析，铂负载能力的提高、铂负载催化剂的分离、硅氢加成反应的原理、催化范围的扩大等均是今后研究的重要方向。

关键词: 催化剂, 催化剂载体, 活性, 选择性, 铂, 硅氢加成反应