Abstract:

Lithium-ion batteries have received extensive attention as an excellent power source for new energy electric vehicles, and high-performance lithium-ion batteries are very important to the development of electric vehicles. Numerical simulation technology has overcome the limitations of traditional experiments and greatly promotes the research of lithium-ion batteries. Simulation models can couple multiple chemical reactions and physical fields, making it efficiently to predict the impact of various factors on the battery performance. And the biggest challenge for designing the battery models is to make the simulation results as close as possible to the real situation. Battery thermal model, perspectives of electrical model, the aging model and other models are applied in this paper to compare the simulation results about lithium-ion batteries. Besides, the advantages and disadvantages of each model are outlined. Furthermore, this paper puts forward the future developing trends of simulation: ① to explore the interaction relationship of multiple physical fields; ② to extend the applications of the models; ③ to improve the performance of battery materials and optimize the assembly method and the structure.

Key words: numerical simulation, model, electrochemistry, thermodynamics

摘要：

锂离子电池作为新能源电动汽车优异的动力来源受到广泛关注，获得高性能的锂离子电池对电动汽车的发展至关重要。数值仿真技术突破了传统实验的限制而极大地促进了锂离子电池的研究工作。高效、实用的仿真模型可以将多种化学反应及物理场相互耦合，预测多种因素对于电池各种性能的影响，使仿真结果尽可能地接近真实情况。本文主要介绍了仿真研究的优势和重要意义，分别从电池热模型、电学特性模型、老化模型等出发，比较了众多仿真模型针对锂离子电池性能的仿真结果，总结不同模型的优势以及存在的薄弱环节，并提出仿真研究以后的发展趋势为：①从机理出发，研究多物理场相互作用关系，实现多场耦合；②从模型和算法入手，扩大模型的研究范围，兼顾简化模型和提高精确度；③从电池本身入手，注重电池材料的性能改善以及成组方式和结构优化。

关键词: 数值模拟, 模型, 电化学, 热力学