Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress ›› 2018, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (08): 3169-3178.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017-2059

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Microwave synthesis process and properties of behenic acid diester-based silicone quaternary ammonium salt

WEI Yuan1, ZHENG Cheng1,2, MAO Taoyan1, ZENG Zhaowen1, ZHU Yiting1, WANG Runhao1, LIU Suizhen1   

  1. 1 Institute of Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China;
    2 Guangzhou Vocational College of Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510550, Guangdong, China
  • Received:2017-10-06 Revised:2017-11-24 Online:2018-08-05 Published:2018-08-05

山嵛酸双酯基有机硅季铵盐的微波合成工艺及性能

魏渊1, 郑成1,2, 毛桃嫣1, 曾昭文1, 朱艺婷1, 王润豪1, 刘穗甄1   

  1. 1 广州大学精细化工研究所, 广东 广州 510006;
    2 广州科技职业技术学院, 广东 广州 510550
  • 通讯作者: 郑成,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为功能性精细化学品的设计、合成及性能研究。
  • 作者简介:魏渊(1994-),男,硕士研究生。E-mail:1912730783@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(21676061)及广州大学研究生创新研究计划(2017GDJC-M10)项目。

Abstract: Diester-based silicon quaternary ammonium salts with long carbon chains were synthesized via esterification and quaternization reaction in two steps using behenic acid, N-methyldiethanolamine, and γ-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane. Single-factor and orthogonal array design experiments to synthesis desired products by microwave method were carried out to investigate the optimal reaction conditions, which were the microwave power 800W, material mole ratio n(silane):n(ester amine)=1.2:1, reaction temperature 170℃, the amount of solvent m(solvent):m(raw material)=0.8:1, and reaction time 12h, and a yield of 96.60%. The method overcame the long time-consuming difficulties in the quaterization process of long chain tertiary amine, improved the reaction rate, and obtained a good reaction repeatability. The chemical structures of the intermediates and target compounds were characterized by FTIR and 1H NMR spectra, which were consistent with the expected results. A simple, rapid and accurate method for the purity determination of quaternary ammonium salts by HPLC-ELSD was established with some reference valuea. The purity of the product was confirmed to reach 98.77% with a stable baseline and sharp peak.The results of performance tests showed that, compared with DC-5700, the target products had good thermal stability, excellent emulsifying and solubilizing properties; the CMC of the aqueous solution was 1.81mmol/L, and the corresponding surface tension was 49.4mN/m.

Key words: surfactants, esterification, double-chain ester amine, silicone quaternary ammonium salt, microwave high-pressure, liquid chromatography, performance testing

摘要: 以山嵛酸、N-甲基二乙醇胺以及γ-氯丙基三甲氧基硅烷为主要原料,分别经过酯化和季铵化反应两步合成了一种超长碳链的双酯基有机硅季铵盐,并通过单因素、正交试验得到了微波法合成目标产物的最优工艺条件为:设置微波功率为800W,物料摩尔比为n(硅烷)∶n(酯胺)=1.2∶1,反应温度为170℃,溶剂用量为m(溶剂)∶m(原料)=0.8∶1,反应时间为12h,产品产率达96.60%。此方法克服了长链叔胺季铵化过程中普遍耗时过长的困难,提高了反应速率,而且实验重复性良好。实验中采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对中间体及目标产物的结构进行了表征,与预期结果一致;建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC-ELSD)测定季铵盐纯度的方法,基线稳定,峰型良好,产品纯度达98.77%,具有一定的参考价值。性能测试结果表明:对比DC-5700,目标产物具有良好的热稳定性,优异的乳化及增溶性能;其水溶液的临界胶束浓度为1.81mmol/L,表面张力(γCMC)为49.4mN/m。

关键词: 表面活性剂, 酯化, 双长链酯胺, 有机硅季铵盐, 微波高压, 液相色谱, 性能测试

CLC Number: 

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