Abstract: Phenolic wastewater is a common chemical wastewater which has a great harm to the environment and biological. As a good adsorbent, activated carbon is widely used in sewage treatment, especially in adsorption treatment of phenolic wastewater. The latest researches focus on the development and utilization of various carbonaceous materials, and explore the methods of preparation and modification to improve the phenolic adsorption properties of activated carbon. Some mechanism studies pay attention to the pore structure and surface functional groups of activated carbon, as well as the effect on the properties of phenolic adsorption. In this paper, the preparation and modification of activated carbon were introduced, the characteristics and mechanism of phenolic adsorption by activated carbon were summarized, the main influencing factors of the adsorption process were analyzed, the research directions and prospects were deduced. The analysis shows that raw materials with high carbon content are suitable for the preparation of activated carbon, especially carbonaceous waste. The adsorption capacity of phenol in activated carbon is affected by the specific surface area and surface functional groups, which is significant for the preparation and modification of activated carbon. It is important to control the particle size, pH, temperature, adsorption time, competitive adsorption and other factors when activated carbon is used to phenol adsorption in the specific application.

Key words: activated carbon, adsorption, waste water, preparation, modification

摘要： 含酚废水对环境和生物有较大危害，是一种常见的化工废水。活性炭作为良好的吸附剂被广泛用于污水处理，也常被用于吸附处理含酚废水。最新的研究集中于开发利用各种含碳原材料，并探究活性炭制备和改性方法，以改善活性炭对酚类的吸附性能。部分机理研究则关注活性炭的孔隙结构和表面官能团及其对吸附酚类性能的影响。本文从活性炭的制备和改性出发，归纳整理活性炭吸附酚类的特性和机理，分析吸附过程的主要影响因素，并对研究发展方向进行推论和展望。分析表明含碳量高的原材料适合制备活性炭，尤其是含碳废弃物。活性炭的苯酚吸附性能受比表面积和表面官能团的共同影响，这对于活性炭的制备和改性有指导意义。活性炭吸附苯酚的具体应用中，需要控制粒度、pH、温度、吸附时间和竞争吸附等影响因素。

关键词: 活性炭, 吸附, 废水, 制备, 改性