生物柴油雾化特性仿真模拟及实验研究

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0468

化工进展 ›› 2022, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 655-665.DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2021-0468

生物柴油雾化特性仿真模拟及实验研究

马鑫¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 王霜¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), 李法社¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 张逸水¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 蒋上¹^,²^,³^,⁴

^1.昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院，云南昆明 650093
^2.冶金节能减排教育部工程研究中心，云南昆明 650093
^3.冶金化工节能环保技术国家地方联合工程研究中心，云南昆明 650093
^4.省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室，云南昆明 650093

收稿日期:2021-03-09 修回日期:2021-04-19 出版日期:2022-02-05 发布日期:2022-02-23
通讯作者: 王霜
作者简介:马鑫（1997—），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为生物质能源高效利用。E-mail：2729521649@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51766007);NSFC云南联合基金(U1602272);云南省自然科学基金(2018FB092);省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室自设项目(CNMRCUTS1704)

Simulation and experimental research on the atomization characteristics of waste oil biodiesel

MA Xin¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), WANG Shuang¹^,²^,³^,⁴(), LI Fashe¹^,²^,³^,⁴, ZHANG Yishui¹^,²^,³^,⁴, JIANG Shang¹^,²^,³^,⁴

^1.School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
^2.Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education for Metallurgical Energy Conservation and Emission Reduction, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
^3.National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Technology of Metallurgy and Chemical Industry, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China
^4.Provincial and Ministry Co-construction of State Key Laboratory of Clean Utilization of Complex Non-ferrous Metal Resources, Kunming 650093, Yunnan, China

Received:2021-03-09 Revised:2021-04-19 Online:2022-02-05 Published:2022-02-23
Contact: WANG Shuang

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了研究风量对地沟油生物柴油在旋流喷嘴中雾化特性的影响规律，本文采用Fluent数值模拟与实验相结合的方法，在供给不同一二次风量的条件下，对地沟油生物柴油进行雾化过程分析。结果表明，在等温等压条件下，控制进入燃油燃烧器的总气量为定值429L/min时，不同一二次风量对油束雾滴的索特平均直径（D₃₂）、雾滴速度、雾化锥角和雾化贯穿距有较大的影响。随着一次风量的增大，雾滴的破碎时间变短，D₃₂逐渐减小，速度逐渐增大；雾化贯穿距和雾化锥角呈现先增大后减小的趋势，一次风量50L/min时达到最大值；且湍动能与一次风量大小成正比关系。风量对D₃₂影响存在一定限度，当一次风量达到30L/min时，D₃₂基本趋于稳定。对不同粒径的雾化液滴数量统计分析，得到了生物柴油的不同粒径数量密度分布及拟合经验公式，颗粒直径主要集中在25～75μm之间。

关键词: 地沟油生物柴油, 风量, 雾化特性, 索特平均直径

Abstract:

The influence of air volume on the atomization characteristics of waste oil biodiesel in swirl nozzles was studied using a combination of Fluent numerical simulation and experiment. The impact of primary and secondary air volumes on the atomization process of waste oil biodiesel was analyzed. The results show that when the total air volume in the oil burner is set to 429L/min under isothermal and isostatic conditions, the primary and secondary air volumes have a greater impact on the Sauter average diameter (D₃₂), droplet velocity, atomization cone angle and atomization penetration distance of the oil spray droplets. Specifically, with the increase of the primary air volume, the breaking time of the droplets becomes shorter, D₃₂ gradually decreases, and the speed gradually increases. While atomization penetration distance and the atomization cone angle firstly increase and then decrease, the maximum values are attained with the primary air volume of 50L/min. Meanwhile, the turbulent kinetic energy is proportional to the primary air volume. However, the D₃₂ basically tends to be stable when the primary air volume reaches 30L/min. As for the statistical analysis of the number of atomized droplets of different particle diameters, the distribution of quantity density of different particle diameters of biodiesel and the fitting empirical formula are obtained. The particle diameters are mainly concentrated between 25—75μm.

Key words: waste oil biodiesel, air volume, atomization characteristics, Sauter average diameter

中图分类号:

马鑫, 王霜, 李法社, 张逸水, 蒋上. 生物柴油雾化特性仿真模拟及实验研究[J]. 化工进展, 2022, 41(2): 655-665.

MA Xin, WANG Shuang, LI Fashe, ZHANG Yishui, JIANG Shang. Simulation and experimental research on the atomization characteristics of waste oil biodiesel[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2022, 41(2): 655-665.

图/表 22

图1 燃烧器组成构件的三维模型

图2 工业炉窑的几何结构

图3 炉体网格划分

图4 燃烧器网格划分

表1 不同精度网格喷嘴出口速度

网格数量/个	喷嘴出口速度/m·s^-1
811157	21.37
860512	23.84
917933	26.93
998753	27.06

表2 离散相及连续相运行条件

离散相	连续相
喷嘴直径0.7mm	压力1atm
温度300K	温度300K
流率0.75g/s
喷雾压力0.5MPa

图5 欧拉-拉格朗日耦合计算

图6 雾化实验系统示意图1—油箱；2—数字式液体流量计；3—储气罐；4—数字式气体流量计；5—一次风管；6—二次风管；7—雾化器；8—螺旋喷嘴；9—光源；10—背景板；11—刻度尺；12—高速摄像仪；13—计算机

表3 地沟油生物柴油物性参数

运动黏度

/mm²?s^-1

密度

/kg?m^-3

表面张力

/mN?m^-1

图7 喷雾图像与刻度尺

图8 喷嘴出口10cm处速度分布

图9 雾滴的三维空间分布

图10 不同一次风量下喷嘴出口处湍动能分布

图11 喷雾流场速度分布

图12 雾滴速度场分布

图13 不同一次风量下雾滴相对于位置的平均速度

图14 不同一次风量下地沟油生物柴油随追踪时间延长雾化雾滴D32分布

图15 D32随一次风量变化分布

图16 雾化雾滴D32在不同位置分布规律

图17 不同粒径雾化雾滴数和密度分布

图18 雾化贯穿距随一次风量变化

图19 雾化锥角随一次风量变化

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生物柴油雾化特性仿真模拟及实验研究

Simulation and experimental research on the atomization characteristics of waste oil biodiesel

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