爆炸合成纳米粉体及其团聚控制研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2020-0250

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为一种新兴的纳米材料制备方法，爆炸法具有操作简单、高效、经济、节能和环保等特点。但是，合成过程的复杂性和纳米材料特殊的性能，导致爆炸合成的纳米粉体极易团聚，这不仅破坏纳米粉体的超细性和均匀性，还影响其发挥自身的优越性能。目前，爆炸合成纳米粉体及其团聚控制研究已经成为爆炸加工领域的研究热点之一。本文首先概述了国内外爆炸合成纳米粉体的发展现状；然后从爆炸合成纳米粉体团聚的主要影响因素（如纳米粉体的理化特性、制备工艺、提纯工艺和分散工艺）和粉体团聚机理等方面综述了研究成果；最后指出了今后的研究热点和亟待解决的关键问题。

关键词: 纳米粉体, 团聚结构, 爆炸法, 分散性, 合成工艺

Abstract:

Detonation method, which is regarded as a new method of preparing nanoparticles (NPs), has the advantages of simple operation, higher efficiency, lower cost, saving energy and environmental protection, etc. However, due to the complexity of the synthesis process and special properties of NPs, the explosive synthesis of NPs is easy to agglomerate, which not only destroys the ultra-fineness and uniformity of NPs, but also affects their superior performance. At present, the research on the NPs preparation by detonation method as well as their agglomeration control has been one of the hotspots in the field of explosive processing. In this study, research progress of NPs synthesized by detonation method is generalized. The latest achievements in controlling agglomeration of NPs and improving the dispersibility of NPs are summarized from the aspects of the main influencing factors, such as the physical and chemical properties of NPs, the preparation process, the purification process, the dispersion process, and the agglomeration models. The research hotspots and key problems, which needed to be solved urgently, are also presented.

Key words: nanoparticles, agglomerate structures, detonation method, dispersibility, synthetic process

中图分类号:

O634.2

曲艳东, 高凌霞, 章文姣, 刘伟. 爆炸合成纳米粉体及其团聚控制研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(12): 5136-5147.

Yandong QU, Lingxia GAO, Wenjiao ZHANG, Wei LIU. Progress in nanoparticles prepared by detonation method and their agglomeration control[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(12): 5136-5147.

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