水热预处理对稻壳焦热电性能的影响

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2019-1639

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了探究水热预处理对稻壳焦热电性能的影响，首先通过不同水热温度对稻壳进行改性处理，分析了其燃料特性、官能团以及热解特性。再于550℃下热解，针对热解后的稻壳焦采用工业分析、元素分析、红外光谱（FTIR）分析、X射线衍射（XRD）分析和N₂吸附脱附等方法研究改性前后稻壳焦特性及微观结构。结果表明：水热预处理后稻壳中半纤维素、碱金属和碱土金属大量减少，挥发分含量增加，并获得更多的含氧官能团。经改性后水热稻壳焦比表面积和总孔容积提高，在水热温度为150℃时达到最大比表面积335.1m²/g和最大总孔容积0.173cm³/g。用改性前后稻壳焦作为电极材料，NaCl为电解液，发现改性后稻壳焦输出电压提升明显，在50K温差下，输出电压为67.084mV，比能量为106.7mJ/g，展现了改性稻壳焦作为一种低成本多孔炭优异的热电转化性能。

关键词: 水热预处理, 热解, 稻壳焦, 热电性能

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of hydrothermal pretreatment on the thermoelectric properties of rice husk char, the rice husk was modified by different hydrothermal temperatures, and its fuel characteristics, functional groups and pyrolysis characteristics were analyzed. The properties and microstructure of rice husk char were characterized by industrial analysis, elemental analysis, FTIR analysis and N₂ adsorption. The specific surface area and total pore volume of rice husk char were increased after modification. The result demonstrated that after hydrothermal pretreatment, hemicellulose, alkali metal and alkaline earth metals were significantly reduced in the rice husk, the volatile content was increased, and more oxygen-containing functional groups were obtained. The rice husk char with a specific surface area of 335.1m²/g and the total pore volume of 0.173cm³/g could be acquired when the hydrothermal temperature was 150℃. By using the rice husk chars as electrode and NaCl solution as electrolyte, the output voltage of the modified chars was improved dramatically. At the temperature difference of 50K, the output voltage was 67.084mV and the specific energy was 106.7mJ/g, exhibiting the excellent thermoelectric conversion performance of modified rice husk char as a low-cost porous carbon.

Key words: hydrothermal pretreatment, pyrolysis, rice husk char, thermoelectric properties

中图分类号:

TK 6

章旭, 许丹, 熊源泉. 水热预处理对稻壳焦热电性能的影响[J]. 化工进展, 2020, 39(7): 2632-2638.

Xu ZHANG, Dan XU, Yuanquan XIONG. Effect of hydrothermal on thermoelectric properties of rice husk char[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2020, 39(7): 2632-2638.

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