隐晶质石墨提纯研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.01.032

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 石墨作为重要的资源性非金属矿物，具有耐高温、抗腐蚀、可塑性以及特殊的导电性等特性，被广泛应用于化工、冶金、核电、航空航天和国防等领域。随着石墨的应用领域不断拓宽，对石墨的纯度要求也越来越高。与此同时，如何提纯隐晶质石墨也愈来愈引起重视。本文回顾了目前国内外各类纯化隐晶质石墨的方法，详细介绍了浮选法、碱酸法、氢氟酸法、氯化焙烧法和高温提纯法。概述了它们的作用原理、实际生产中的应用情况、研究进展以及各类方法的优缺点。提出隐晶质石墨提纯需要考虑到提高纯化效率、节能降耗、绿色环保等问题。指出了选用绿色高效药剂、低能高效设备及湿法-火法联合工艺等提纯隐晶质石墨的发展方向。

关键词: 隐晶质石墨, 提纯, 非金属矿

Abstract: Graphite,an important non-metallic mineral resource, has the features of high temperature resistant,high corrosion resistant,high plasticity and special conductive. It has been widely used in chemical,metallurgical,nuclear power,aerospace and defense industries. With the growing applications of graphite,the requirements for high purity of graphite are also increasing. Meanwhile,more and more attention also has been paid to the aphanitic graphite purification. Various methods for graphite purification are described in detail,including flotation, alkali-acid processing method,hydrofluoric acid washing,chloridizing roasting and high temperature purification. The basic principles,research progresses,practical applications,and the advantages and disadvantages of various method are explained systematically. Some key points in aphanitic graphite purification, such as efficiency,energy saving,consumption,and green environmental protection,are put forward. The development directions of aphanitic graphite purification,including the selection of environmental friendly,high-efficient,energy-saving equipment and the application of wet-fire joint technology,are also pointed out.

Key words: aphanitic graphite, purification, non-metallic minerals

中图分类号:

TD951

张琳, 方建军, 赵敏捷, 李国栋. 隐晶质石墨提纯研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(01): 261-267.

ZHANG Lin, FANG Jianjun, ZHAO Minjie, LI Guodong. Development of aphanitic graphite purification[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progree, 2017, 36(01): 261-267.

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