改善聚乙烯醇薄膜耐水性的研究进展

doi:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016-2227

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 聚乙烯醇（PVA）薄膜存在易吸水发生溶胀而出现气体阻隔性和力学性能下降的缺点，不适合用于气体阻隔性和力学性能要求高的场合，因此需要改善它的耐水性。本文首先介绍了评价PVA薄膜耐水性的4种方法和PVA树脂的醇解度与分子量对薄膜耐水性的影响，然后重点述评了改善PVA薄膜耐水性的4种方法，即化学交联法、物理交联法、无机纳米材料复合法和聚合物共混法的机理和研究进展，比较了它们的优缺点。论文还介绍了耐水性PVA薄膜在水的分离纯化、包装、偏振片和生物医学等领域的应用，最后对其未来发展方向做了展望，其中研究新的绿色环保的改性方法，进一步提高PVA薄膜的耐水性，拓展其应用范围是今后值得关注的研究课题。

关键词: 聚乙烯醇, 膜, 耐水性, 改性, 应用

Abstract: Poly (vinyl alcohol)(PVA) film has the disadvantage of absorbing water easily to swell which then weakens its gas barrier and mechanical properties,so it is not suitable for the applications requiring high gas barrier property and mechanical properties and its water-resistance needs to be improved.In this article,four methods for evaluating the water resistance of PVA film and the influence of alcoholysis degree and molecular weight of PVA resin on its water resistance are introduced firstly.Then,the mechanisms and research progress of four approaches for improving PVA film's water resistance (chemical crosslinking,physical crosslinking,inorganic nanomaterial composite and polymer blending methods) are reviewed intensively,and their advantages and drawbacks are compared.The applications of water resistant PVA film in separation and purification,package,polaroid and biomedicine are introduced.Finally,the outlook of water resistant PVA film is given.The development of novel green and environment-friendly method to improve its water resistance further and the extension of its application range are the research subjects deserving more attention.

Key words: poly (vinyl alcohol), film, water-resistance, modification, application

中图分类号:

TQ325.9

魏书静, 黄赟, 查刘生. 改善聚乙烯醇薄膜耐水性的研究进展[J]. 化工进展, 2017, 36(07): 2540-2546.

WEI Shujing, HUANG Yun, ZHA Liusheng. Research progress on improving water-resistance of poly (vinyl alcohol）film[J]. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress, 2017, 36(07): 2540-2546.

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