关键词: 燃后碳捕集, 化学吸收法, 催化再生技术, 非均相催化剂, 低能耗

Abstract:

Human industrial activities cause the gradual increase of CO₂ content in the atmosphere, forming the greenhouse effect and leading to global climate anomalies. Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology, especially CO₂ chemical absorption process, is one of the most effective ways to achieve large-scale CO₂ emission reduction and curb global climate change. However, due to the high energy consumption and high cost of CO₂ capture technology, CCUS technology cannot be promoted and commercialized on a large scale. In recent years, catalytic absorbent regeneration, as a new class of technology for low temperature energy-efficient CO₂ desorption with great potential for large-scale application, has attracted extensive attention from researchers. This review focused on the recent research progresses and developments of the catalyst-assisted solvent regeneration technology. The characteristics and performance of heterogeneous catalysts was discussed in detail and the advantages, disadvantages and challenge of various catalysts were identified and commented upon. The enhancement mechanism of catalytic CO₂ desorption and the role of Lewis acids, Brønsted acids and basic active sites were summarized. The main factors that affected the desorption and regeneration performances of heterogeneous catalysts were also addressed. Finally, the status of catalytic solvent regeneration for post-combustion CO₂ capture was comprehensively analyzed and the future development direction and prospect of catalyst-aided solvent regeneration technology were also proposed.

Key words: post-combustion CO₂ capture, chemical absorption process, catalytic regeneration, heterogeneous catalyst, energy reduction